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Implementation of Effluent Treatment Plants for Waste Water Treatment

Zakia Sultana
Department of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Md. Ershad Ali
Department of Chemistry, Tejgaon College, National Uni-versity, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Sala Uddin
Department of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Md. Mominul Haque
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This work is aimed at giving emphasis on the present pollution scenario in Bangladesh due to textile effluent and the consequent solution of the problem by installation of effluent treatment plant. Though the medium and small-scale industrial activities have a positive impact on the economy of our country, the increasing industrialization is contributing severe pollution to the environment by the toxic waste discharge. The liquid effluents from industries are causing a major havoc to the environment, ecology, agriculture, aquaculture and public health since the development of textile industries in the country. So, it is time to give a pause to the pollution and phase it out gradually to protect the river system. It had become a prerequisite to set up ETP in each industrial establishment, particularly at dyeing industries that were discharging huge amount of liquid waste to the rivers every day. Since the highest number of factories is of textile category and these types of factories play a major role in polluting the nature, Government’s main focus is on the textile mills and industries related to textile. But, for the successful implementation of ETPs, industry owners will have to be socially responsible and at the same time, government should provide the factory owners with logistic supports and relaxed timeframe to set up ETPs.

Keywords: Industrial Effluents; Waste water treatment, Water quality, ETP

Location: Department of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Efluent

Objectives:

To study the pollution scenario due to industrial effluent disposal and
To address the problem through installation of effluent treatment plant.

Methodology:

As per Environmental Conservation Rules 1997, for the purpose of issuance of Environmental Clearance Certificate, the industrial units and projects are classified into four categories (Green, Orange A, Orange B and Red) based on their site and environmental impact. Fabric dyeing and chemical treatment industries fall under the Red category. This clearly means that, when the industries apply for site clearance they must submit ETP plan along with process flow diagram, location, design and time schedule to Department of Environment (DoE). After the approval of ETP design, they make commitment in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) approval process to install ETPs. After the ETP has been constructed, these Red category industries can apply for Environmental Clearance Certificate without which they are not allowed to start their production. So, according to the existing laws, all the textile and knit dyeing factories must have ETPs that must be operating throughout the year and all the ETPs (existing and to be constructed) must meet the national water quality standards. Recently, the Government has identified a large number of knit and textile industries that have no effluent treatment plants. Knit processing industry within BK-MEA have about 300 factories of which 100 may have ETP or in the process of installation to cover about 50 percent of the capacity in this sub-sector. But, pollution level is still high that require strict measures. Most of the factories were found polluting air and water seriously as they did not have ETPs or other devices to check pollution. The inspection teams also found some factories did have ETPs but they kept those closed most of the time to save electricity. At present, big textile mills are constructed well within the rule of environmental compliance. Small and medium factories are the exceptions and most of these were built at least 20 years ago. There is no rule on such compliance and most of the medium and small textile units don’t have the financial ability to set up full-capacity ETPs. Few good textile industries are found to have their own ETPs, but hardly run their ETP up to the mark and also the factory authority does not pay due attention to it. Sometimes, ETPs are found under- sized or otherwise non-functional units due to improper maintenance. The main problem associated with mal-functioning of existing ETPs is the lack of technical knowledge of ETP operators about the technology as because ETP concept is not that much familiar in our country. It is to be noted that, under capacity design leads to ineffective ETPs. Another reason behind is the un-willingness of factory owners to operate their ETPs due to operating and maintenance expenses, which is a gross violation of national laws.

Source of Information: Journal of Environmental Protection, 2013, 4, 301-308

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2013.43035

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The recent awareness on the ETP requirement should be directed in a constructive way. It is realized that industrial effluent should be treated before drainage. Upon discussed novel methods can be applied to remove different dye also hazardous materials from industrial effluents. The Government must come forward to facilitate ETP installation with technical guidance and also with financing. Consideration for Common ETP can be made by the Government, which will encourage small-scale industries to establish ETPs within their cost limitations. Government’s recent stringent role against industry owner may pressurize them to come up with compliance measure regarding ETP installation, but in the long run, a good result from the concept of ETP installation can only be ensured by proper monitoring and environmental audit by Government afterward. Neither industry and private sector nor public sector alone can be left responsible for realization on the intensity of the problem. Government and the private sector should come into with its full glory to solve the problem mutually, which aims at burning issue like environmental conservation.

Knowledge Management: Journal