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Effects of Different Fixation Devices on Fracture Treatment and Evaluation by Radiography in Birds

M. M. Islam
Upazilla Livestock Office, Paikgacha, Khulna, Bangladesh.

D. Biswas
Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Government Veterinary College, Pahartali, Chittagong-4202, Bangladesh.

M. M. Rahman
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Chittagong Government Veterinary College, Pahartali, Chittagong-4202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Haque
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty star crossbred broilers of 5 weeks age were taken and divided into 4 groups to know the suitable method of fracture immunizations. The fixation devices used were adhesive tape with wood splint, intramuscularly pinning and dynamic compression plate with cortical screws and one group as control kept in case rest. To monitor the healing status, the radiographs were taken at 3^rd, 4^th and 6^th postoperative weeks. Minimal fracture gap, callus formation and excellent alignment were found in dynamic compression plate. Fracture gap reduces significantly (P<0.01) with small callus formation and good alignment in dynamic compression plate group but similar result along with larger callus found in intramuscularly group. The present study suggested that dynamic compression plate is the best method for fixation of fractured bone in birds.

Keywords: Bone fracture, Fixation devices, Radiography, Birds

Location: Chittagong Government Veterinary College, Pahartali, Chittagong

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

To study the suitable method of fracture immobilization in birds which could be evaluated by radiological interpretation.

Methodology:

A total of 20 Star Crossbred broilers (Gallus domesticus) of 5 weeks old bought from a local poultry farm were used for this study. They were kept at optimum environment and supplied adequate amount of balanced feed and drinking water. All birds were managed in hygienic cage and dewormed by levamisol hydrochloride (Poulnex^® 20 gm packet, Animal Health Division, Novartis, Bangladesh Ltd.) at the dose rate of 0.12 mg/kg body weight. After 10 days rearing, the birds were controlled by proper anaesthesia and were subjected to transverse mid-shaft fracture in tarsometatarsal bone. The birds were divided randomly into four groups and the experimental design were as follows: Group A: All birds of this group were maintained in the cage after producing fracture without application of any physical means for fracture reduction and alignment. Group B: Fractured birds of this group were immobilized by adhesive tape with wood splint. Group C: The bone fractures of this group were repaired by using intramedullary pinning. Group D: Leg fractures of birds of this group were treated by the application of bone plate and cortical screws. Artificially, fractures were created in group A and B by twisting the tarsometatarsal bone of leg. In group C and D fractures were created by making a longitudinal incision over the muscles of tarsometatarsal bones and then by physical trauma. A 0.2 cm diameter and 5.0 cm long intramedullary pin was inserted through the cortex of the proximal shaft of the bone in group C. The fracture was aligned by bone plate (3.5 X 0.5 cm²) with screw in group D. Muscle layers and subcutaneous tissues were closed by using medium chromic catgut 2-0 with simple continuous suture. The skin was apposed with nylon thread 2-0, using the simple interrupted suture. Special emphasis was given to prevent contamination of the surgical wound and it was carried out by sealing the wound with cotton soaked by tincture benzoine. On day 35 post-operation, the pin was removed with surgical measures of skin and muscle. Procaine penicillin was injected at the dose rate of 10000-iu/kg-body weight daily for 5 days through intramuscular route. The data obtained in the present investigation was analyzed using paired student’s ‘t’ test. Radiographs of fracture gap were taken after satisfactory control of each bird by proper anaesthesia. Radiographs are starting at the time of fracture and continued at 3^rd, 4th and 6^th week after fracture. The last (6^th weeks) radiograph was taken immediately after removal of the fixation device from the body to evaluate alignment and healing process of bone. Radiographic picture of fractures was compared and the results were evaluated by grading the fracture gap with 0 means no gap (excellent healing) and highest value 4 means widest gap (poor healing) by observing fracture reduction, the alignment and the callus formation.

Source of Information: Biotechnology, 1(1): 1-9, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/biotech.2002.1.9, URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=biotech.2002.1.9

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

We concluded that both intramuscularly pining and adhesive tape with wood splint are the best devices for fracture fixation in birds but intramuscularly pin was excellent method as it does not loosened before healing like adhesive tape with wood splint. But formation of callus in these groups could not be prevented. So, DCP is the best method for fixation of bone fracture in birds.

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