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Effect of Variety and Planting Density on Weed Dynamics and Yield Performance of Transplant Aman Rice

M. U. Salma
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-220, Bangladesh

M. A. Salam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-220, Bangladesh

K. Hossen
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh

M. R. J. Mou
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-220, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Aman season from June to November 2016 to find out the effect of variety and planting density on weed dynamics and yield performance of transplant Aman rice. The experiment consisted of four varieties viz. Binadhan-7, BR25, BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan62 and four planting density viz. 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm and 20 cm × 10 cm. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Variety exerted significant effect on weed density and dry weight at different days after transplanting (DAT). The lowest weed density and dry weight were observed in BR25 and the highest ones were observed in Binadhan-7. Weed population was not significantly affected by planting density while weed dry weight was significantly affected and closer spacing produce the lowest weed dry weight. Yield and yield contributing characters of transplant Aman rice were significantly influenced by variety and planting density. BR25 showed produce the highest plant height (157.9 cm), panicle length (24.94 cm), grains panicle (103.10), sterile spikelets panicle⁻¹ (29.36), grain yield (4.30 t ha⁻¹) and straw yield (8.99 t ha⁻¹) while BRRI dhan62 the highest number of total tillers hill⁻¹ (14.75), effective tillers hill⁻¹ (11.62), and non-effective tillers hill⁻¹ (3.10). The highest 1000-grain weight (25.21g) was found in the variety Binadhan-7and the highest harvest index (53.50%) was obtained from BRRI dhan56. In case of planting density, the highest value of plant height (124.27 cm), total tillers hill⁻¹ (13.53), effective tillers hill⁻¹ (11.20), non-effective tillers hill⁻¹ (2.32), panicle length (22.59 cm), grain yield (4.17 t ha⁻¹) and straw yield (5.75 t ha−1) were obtained from 25 cm × 15 cm spacing. On the other hand, the highest number of grains panicle⁻¹ (84.23) and harvest index (45.18 %) were obtained from 25 cm × 10 cm spacing, heaviest 1000-grain weight (23.83 g) from 20 cm × 15 cm spacing. Experimental results indicated that BR25 grown under 25 cm × 15 cm planting density appeared to be the best in order to get maximum grain yield as well as reducing weed infestation.

Keywords: Planting Density, T. Aman rice, Variety, Weed dynamics, Yield, Rice

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-06-2016

End Date: 00-11-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Weed management, Rice

Objectives:

The study was, undertaken to find out the effect of variety and planting density on weed dynamics and yield performance of transplant Aman rice and to determine the interaction effect of variety and planting density on weed dynamics and the yield of transplant Aman rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the transplant Aman season from June to November 2016 to find out the effect of variety and planting density on weed dynamics and yield performance of transplant Aman rice. The experimental field belongs to the agro-ecological region of the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9 (FAO, 1988). The experiment field was medium high land having sandy loam soil with pH value 6.8, low in organic matter and fertility level. The experiment included two factors, factor A— four varieties viz. Binadhan-7, BR25, BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan62 and factor B four planting density viz. 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm. The experiment was laid out in a two factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The size of the unit plot was 10 m2 (4.0 m × 2.5 m). Seeds of Aman rice variety Binadhan-7, BR25, BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan62 were collected from the Agronomy Field Laboratory, BAU, Mymensingh. Seedlings were raised in well prepared nursery bed at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, BAU, Mymensingh. The experimental land was first opened with a power tiller. Later on, the land was prepared by ploughing and cross-ploughing with a country plough and subsequently leveled by laddering. All weeds and stubble were removed from the land. The field layout was done according to the experimental design on 24 July 2016. The field was fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP) and gypsum were used as the source of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur at the rate of 165, 60, 110, 70 kg
ha⁻¹, respectively. Twenty seven day old seedlings were uprooted from the nursery bed carefully and then transplanted on 25 July 2016 at the rate of three seedlings hill⁻¹ maintaining spacing as per experimental treatments. The crop was harvested at full maturity. Different varieties matured in different dates. The date of harvesting was confirmed when 90% of the grain became golden yellow in color. Binadhan-7 was harvested on 16 October, BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan62 on 20 October and BR25 on 06 November 2016. Five hills were randomly selected soon after transplanting and marked with bamboo sticks in each plot excluding border rows for determining growth parameters as well as yield and yield components. Data on weed population were collected from each plot at 20, 35 and 50 DATs by using 0.25 m × 0.25 m quadrate. The quadrate was placed three spots at random in each plots for recording weed data. The weeds within the quadrate were counted plot-wise and converted number m⁻² by multiplying by four. The counted weeds plot⁻¹ were dried first in the sun and then kept in an electric oven for 72 hours at 80^oC temperature. The dry weight of each species was taken by an electrical balance and expressed in g m⁻². Data on different yield component were recorded from five consecutive selected hills from any row except border row in each plot. After sampling, a harvest area of central 1 m × 1 m was selected from each unit plot. The harvested crop of each unit area was separately bundled, properly tagged and then brought to the threshing floor. The harvested crop was threshed by pedal thrasher and the weight was adjusted in 14% moisture content and straw were sun dried properly. Finally grain and straw yields per unit area were converted to t ha⁻¹. Data recorded for growth, yield and yield contributing characters were compiled and tabulated in proper form for statistical analyses. Analysis of variance was done with the help of MSTAT–C computer package programme developed by Russel (1986). The mean differences among the treatments were adjudged by DMRT test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 15(2): 167–173, 2017

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

the highest grain yield (5.10 t ha⁻¹) and straw yield (10.50 t ha⁻¹) was recorded from the interaction of V2 × S1 (BR25 at 25 cm × 15 cm spacing). This result indicated that BR25 grown under 25 cm × 15 cm planting density appeared to be the best in order to get maximum grain yield as well as reducing infestation of weed.

Knowledge Management: Journal