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Domestication of Red Fin Mahseer (tor Tor) with Supplementary Feeds in Captive Condition in Bangladesh

Muhammad Shalah Uddin Kabir
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh

Farzana Arefin
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Matiur Rahman
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Rafiqul Islam Sarder
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Fazlul Awal Mollah
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of supplementary feeds on growth, survival, and production of red fin mahseer, Tor tor (Hamilton) was assessed in captive condition under a monoculture system. Experiments were conducted for a period of 12 months where two feeds varying in protein contents were used in treatments. One laboratory formulated feed with 36.67% protein and a commercial feed with 28% protein were characterized as treatment-1 (T1) and treatment-2 (T2), respectively. At the same time water quality parameters were measured. The net increment in weight after 12 months was 671.60 g and 509.80 g in T1 and T2 respectively. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was 4.72 and 5.26, and the specific growth rate (SGR) was 1.39 and 0.10 % day-1 in T1 and T2 respectively. In both treatments 100% fish were survived and provided the net production (kg/ha) 2807.06 and 2557.78 in T1 and T2, respectively. The water quality parameters were within the suitable range for fish culture. Between the feeds evaluated, feed with 36.67% protein (T1) proved best result considering the growth and production performance of the fish. Overall growth performance of T. tor was satisfactory; however, further research is needed.

Keywords: Dietary protein; Growth performance; Production, Supplementary feed; T. tor

Location: Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-08-2015

End Date: 30-07-2016

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed, Fish

Objectives:

The present study was aimed to domesticate T. tor in captivity and to find out the appropriate supplementary feed as well as protein requirement for this species.

Methodology:

Experimental Design The present experiment was conducted in earthen ponds under natural conditions for 1 year from 1 August, 2015 at the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted under two treatments without any replication. Two feeds with different proximate composition, particularly in the crude protein content were used. Formulated pelleted feed containing 36.67% crude protein was used in treatment-1 (T1) and a commercial pelleted grower feed (Mega feed) with 28% crude protein was used in treatment-2 (T2) and both the feeds were sinking in nature. Feed Formulation and Preparation The commercial feed was purchased from Spectra–Hexa Feeds Ltd., Bangladesh and the other feed was formulated by Pearson’s square method and prepared at Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh. Feed was prepared by using locally available ingredients where water was added for proper mixing and the dough was extruded in an electric pelletizer. Pellet was dried by sun light. Vitamin-E (Vitax-ES, Eon Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) at the rate of 1 g kg-1 feed was added. Proximate composition of the experimental diets was determined following AOAC (1984) in the Fish Nutrition Laboratory at BAU, Mymensingh. Pond Preparation, Stocking of Fish and Husbandry Two rectangular earthen ponds each of 4.0 decimal with an average depth of 1.5 m and having a routine water supply, inlet and outlet facilitates were used for stocking. Ponds were sun-dried for better mineralization, escape of toxic gases and to make free from aquatic weeds, harmful aquatic insects, predatory and weed fishes. Ponds were treated with lime at the rate of 1kg / decimal and then filled with water. After seven days urea and triple super phosphate (TSP) were applied at the rate of 200 g and 100 g / decimal, respectively. T. tor was collected from the fish traders of Durgapur Upazila of Netrokona District who earlier collected those from the River Someshwari. The stocking was done in ponds at the rate of six fish per decimal and reared for twelve months. Since the test species is critically endangered, and collection of fry is nearly impossible, large sized fish (size varying: 1179-1253 g) was used for the experiment. Fish were fed two times daily at 0900 h and 1700 h at the rate of 1.5 to 2% of body weight in both the treatments and the amount of feed was adjusted monthly based on body weight. Sampling of Fish Ten fish from each treatment were sampled randomly at each month, weighed individually and released back. At the end of experiment, all the fish were captured from both the treatments and determined their survivability. Water Quality Parameters Water quality parameters (water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen) were recorded for a year at 9.00am and 2.00pm in each sampling date. Temperature was measured by Celsius thermometer; whereas dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were recorded by Hanna DO meter (Model-HI 9146, Romania) and Milwaukee pH meter (Model-PH55/PH56, USA), respectively.At the end of the experiment, the survived fish were counted and weighed individually and the data were utilized for consequent analyses. Survival rates were estimated on the premise by counting the number of fish harvested (no. of fish harvested/no. stocked X 100). Production of fish was calculated by multiplying the average final weight of fish by the aggregate number and was expressed as kg / ha. Data Analysis Data were analyzed by the computer software MS Excel version 2007 as descriptive values such as mean and percentage. Data on growth was analyzed by computer software SPSS version 20.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science) using student’s t-test at 5% level of significance. Estimation of Growth and Survival For estimating the growth of fish, ten fish from each treatment were sampled monthly. Growth was studied regarding weight gain (g), weight gain (%) and SGR. Weight gain was figured just by deducting the mean initial weight values from that of the final. Weight gain (%) and FCR were estimated following Sawhney and Gandotra (2010)

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 16(3): 533–538, 2018 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i3.39451

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This is the first attempt of domestication and evaluation of the culture potential of critically endangered T. tor in earthen pond monoculture system in Bangladesh. In wild though it is a slow growing cold water species, growth and survival rate was found very impressive in this experiment. However, trials with large size fish in small pond and treatments without replication have been considered as the main limitations of this experiment. Considering the limitations further research on dietary protein requirement, feeding frequency, and feeding rate of fingerlings or juveniles in large grow-out facility will help in resolving the growth-related issues and artificial breeding of captive reared T. tor. This intervention will play a crucial role in helping protection of this critically endangered species and thus restore its populations in the wild.

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