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Screening of Sesbania Accessions Based on Early Biomass Yield

Sontosh C. Chanda
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Azad-ud-Doula Prodhan
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Golam Sarwar
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soft, succulent and readily decomposable Sesbania biomass is one of the best sources of organic matter and nitrogen for improvement of poor, nutrient deficit soils. To select high biomass yielding Sesbania accession(s), an experiment was conducted at Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, following a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seeds of 105 accessions from 3 Sesbania species—S. sesban, S. bispinosa and S. cannabina, were sown in the field @ 60 kg/ha on 23 April 2016. The unit plot size was 3 × 2 m² with a spacing of 50 cm (row-row) × 15 cm (plant-plant). Data on different yield descriptors were recorded at every 10 day intervals up to 60 days after sowing (DAS). Sesbania sesban produced higher biomass yield at the early growth stages (up to 20 DAS), however, S. bispinosa produced higher biomass at the later stages followed by S. cannabina and S. sesban. Therefore, S. sesban can be grown in a very short rotation [Boro rice-(dhaincha)-Jute-T. Aman rice-Mustard and/or Boro rice-(dhaincha)-T. Aus rice-T. Aman riceMustard]; and S. bispinosa for a longer period [Boro rice-(dhaincha)-T. Aman rice-Mustard] to maximize organic matter addition to the soil. Ten accessions of S. bispinosa performed better and produced biomass above 30 g/plant (c. 80 t/ha) within 60 DAS. These accessions could be selected for further study for their decomposability, organic matter accumulation, N₂-fixing ability and may be processed to release as recommended cultivar(s).

Keywords: Biomass, Selection, Sesbania, Green manure

Location: Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 23-04-2016

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bio fertilizer

Objectives:

The present study was, therefore, undertaken to screen out the Sesbania accessions based on biomass yield at different days after sowing to fit in the 20–60 days fallow period after Boro rice harvest.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, for the screening of Sesbania accessions on the basis of their biomass yield during 10– 60 days after sowing (DAS). A randomized complete block design was followed with three replications. The unit plot size was 3 × 2 m² and seeds were sown @ 60 kg/ha with the spacing at 50 cm (row-row) × 15 cm (plant-plant). Seeds of 105 Sesbania accessions (90 accessions belong to S. bispinosa, 9 accessions to S. cannabina and 6 accessions to S. sesban) were collected from 19 districts of Bangladesh (detail collection information available upon request). Seeds were sown in the experimental field on 23 April, 2016. The quantitative data viz. plant height, base diameter, root length, fresh and dry weight of root & shoot, and total biomass weight, were recorded at 10 days interval up to 60 DAS. The data were taken as the mean value of 10 representative samples per accession. Plant height was measured using a meter scale and base diameter was measured by a digital slight caliper with a precision of 0.1 mm to 150 mm. Sample fresh and dry weights were taken by a digital balance and fresh samples were dried at 72°±2° C for 72 hrs. Data were analyzed with Excel application to determine the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variance, and range among the accessions.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 15(2): 188–192, 2017 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/jbau.v15i2.35061

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above discussion, it may conclude that higher biomass producing, at the earlier growing period, S. sesban accessions could be easily fitted and used as green manure crop in shorter fallow period (up to 20 DAS) of Boro rice-(dhaincha)-Jute-T. Aman riceMustard and/or Boro rice-(dhaincha)-T. Aus rice-T. Aman rice-Mustard or similar cropping patterns. Moreover, higher biomass producer, at the later growing period (30 to 60 DAS), S. bispinosa accessions can be fitted well when land is available for longer period in Boro rice-(dhaincha)-T. Aman rice-Mustard/Winter vegetables, or Boro rice-(dhaincha)-T. Aman rice, or similar cropping patterns. Based on biomass yield, three S. Sesban accessions (#81, 82 and 85; produced above 0.12 g/plant of biomass at 20 DAS) and ten accessions of S. bispinosa (#5, 30, 31, 44, 71, 77, 78, 86, 90, and 109; produced above 30 g/plant of biomass at 60 DAS) could be screened out. These higher yielding accessions would be processed further to release as recommended cultivar(s).

Knowledge Management: Journal