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Pathogenic Potentiality of Fungi Isolated from Seeds of Three Hill Cotton Varieties (gossypium Arboreum L.)

Shamim Shamsi
Professor
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Mst. Naznin Nahar
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twelve species of fungi, namely Aspergillus flavus Link., A. fumigatus Fresenius., A. niger van Tiegh (Type-I)., A. niger van Tiegh (Type-II), Chaetomium globosum Kunze ex Fr., Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans Wr. & Reink, F. sporotrichioides Sherb., Mem., Penicillium Link., Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay., Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn, Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.: Fr.) Vuill and Trichoderma viride Pers were isolated from the seeds of three cotton varieties (HC-1, HC-2 and HC-3) following “Tissue planting” and “Blotter” methods. Among the isolated fungi, six, namely A. flavus, A. niger, C. lunata, F. moniliforme var. subglutinans, F. sporotrichioides and Rhizoctonia solani showed pathogenic potentiality following seed inoculation technique. These pathogenic fungi had remarkable effect on seed germination, root shoot length and mortality of cotton seedlings.

Keywords: Fungi, Cotton seeds, Gossypium arboreum, Pathogenic potentiality

Location: Cotton Development Board (CDB), Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Cotton

Objectives:

To determine the pathogenic potentiality of the fungi associated with G. arboreum seeds.

Methodology:

Seeds of three varieties of cotton (Gossypium arboreum), namely HC-1, HC-2 and HC-3 were collected from Cotton Development Board (CDB), Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka. Quality status of three varieties of cotton seeds were determined by seed quality analysis. Further, purity percentage of seeds was determined with the following formula: Purity percentage of seed = (Weight of pure seed) x (Total weight of seed )/ 100. Fungi associated with cotton seeds were isolated following 'Blotter' and 'Tissue Planting' method. Identification of the isolated fungi was determined following standard literatures. Pathogenicity test of isolated fungi was made following seed inoculation technique. Six hundred seeds were selected from each variety of cotton seeds and soaked in distilled water in three beakers for 30 minutes separately and then surface was sterilized with 10% Clorox for five minutes. Spore suspension of the test fungus at 104 /ml concentration was prepared in a 500 ml sterilized beaker. Three hundred seeds from each variety were placed in 250 ml beakers. Hundred ml of spore suspension with individual spore were added in seeds of each beaker and left undisturbed for 2 hours. Three hundred of each healthy and inoculated seeds of three cotton varieties were selected and single seed was placed in sterilized 6 inch cotton plugged test tubes containing 10 ml (2% agar) water agar medium. Healthy seeds served as control. Observation was made for 2 weeks at 3 days interval. Germination percentage of seeds, seed mortality and root shoot length of seedlings were recorded on healthy and inoculated seeds of three cotton varieties. The pathogens were re-isolated from the inoculated cotton seeds and confirmed their identity following Koch’s postulates. Data were evaluated by ANOVA by using STAR statistical program and means were compared using DMRT.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 187-193, 2019 (July)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For seed quality analysis the percentage of pure seeds, abnormal seeds and inert matter is presented. Seed quality analysis showed that the percentage of pure seeds of HC-1, HC-2 and HC-3 cotton varieties were 97, 96 and 97%, respectively. The highest per cent of the inert matter (1.26) was found in HC-2 variety and the lowest (0.86) in HC-1 variety. The highest per cent of abnormal seeds (2.74) was recorded in HC-2 whereas the lowest count (2.04) was recorded in HC-1. This results will be useful for designing control measure of seed borne fungi and production of healthy seeds of cotton.

Knowledge Management: Journal