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Effect of Different Distances and Orientations on Growth and Yield Performance of Mustard Grown as Understorey Crop with Akashmoni Tree

M. A. Hossain
Lecturer
Department of Agricultural Studies, Natore Dighapatia M.K. College, Natore, Bangladesh

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer (Plant Pathology)
Spices Research Centre (SRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

M. K. Alam
Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. R. Islam
Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

G. M. M. Rahman
Professor
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during November 2004-March 2005 to evaluate the effect of different distances and orientations on growth and yield of mustard under Akashmoni tree. The highest grain yield was observed in 3 m away from the base of tree. Compared to open field, the dry seed yield of mustard in different distances i.e. 3m, 2m and 1m away from the tree base of Akashmoni were 2.13, 1.75 and 1.53 t/ha, respectively. The lowest grain yield was obtained from the O_N - orientation and it was gradually increased in O_E, O_W, O_S and open field (O_O). Orientation also showed the significant effect on plant height, number of branch plant^-1, root weight plant^-1, shoot weight plant^-1, number of siliqua plant^-1, length of siliqua (cm), number of seeds siliqua^-1, fresh yield, dry yield and 1000 seed weight. Compared to open field, the dry seed yield of mustard under Akashmoni tree in different orientations i.e. south, west, east and north were 2.07, 1.59, 1.34 and 0.98 t/ha, respectively. It can be concluded that near the base of tree obtained lowest yield of mustard due to shading and nutrient competition and gradually increased 1, 2 and 3 m away from the base of Akashmoni tree. Although the open field produced maximum yield, but combined production system may become beneficial for the farmers from sustainable point of view.

Keywords: Agroforestry, Akashmoni, Mustard

Location: Field laboratory, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-11-2004

End Date: 31-03-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard, Akash moni

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of different distances and orientations on growth and yield of mustard under Akashmoni tree.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the field laboratory, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during November 2004 to March 2005. The soil of the experimental area was a medium high land belonging to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Agro Ecological Zone-9. The experiment was carried out in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Two factors were involved in the study. Factor A was five distances (D) viz. D0 = Open field, D₁ = 1 m away from the tree base, D₂ = 2 m away from the tree base and D₃ = 3 m away from the tree base, and Factor B was five orientations (O) viz. O₀ = Open field. O_N = North side of the tree, O_S = South side of the tree, O_E = East side of the tree and O_W ?= West side of the tree. Three Akashmoni trees were involved in this experiment. Four plots each of (3.0m ×1.0m) were laid at north, south, east and west direction around the tree base. All plots were divided into three sub-plots for each replication. The size of each sub-plots were (1.0m×1.0m). The plots were selected at a distance of 1m away from the tree base. The crown diameter of each of the three trees was measured along north-south and east-west axis using a measuring tape. All Acacia auriculiformis trees having an average plant height of 8.16m, clean bole of 1.91m, and canopy area of 25.06 m2. All of Acacia auriculiformis trees were 12 years old. Mustard (Brassica napus) crop var. BARI sharisha 13 was used as plant material.
The experimental land was well prepared following laddering. Manures and fertilizers were applied Cowdung @ 810 ton/ha, Urea @ 250-300 kg/ha, TSP @ 170 kg/ha, MP @ 90 kg/ha and Gypsum @ 160 kg/ha. Seed were sown on 7 December 2004 by broadcasting method. The crop was harvested after 83 days (1 March 2005) from the date of sowing at full maturity. The data were recorded on yield and yield parameters. All the parameters were taken from each 10 plants which were randomly selected from each sub-pot. Total grain yield was calculated in t ha^-1 by threshing the whole plants as per replication. Similar procedure was followed in calculating Stover yield. The recorded data after final harvest were completed and analyzed statistically to find out differences among treatment means were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J. Innov. Dev. Strategy. 1(1): 12-17; December 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Near the base of tree obtained lowest yield of mustard due to shading and nutrient competition and gradually increased 1, 2 and 3 m away from the base of Akashmoni tree. Although the open field produced maximum yield, but combined production system may become beneficial for the farmers from sustainable point of view.

Knowledge Management: Journal