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Competitiveness of Aus Rice Varieties Against Weed Infestation

SD Shawon*
Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, SylhetAgricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

MN Islam
Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M Biswas
Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

S Sarker
Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, SylhetAgricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiments on Aus rice were conducted at the Agronomy Research Field of Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet and in the farmer’s field of Jaintapur and Gowainghat Upazila, Sylhet to find out the competitiveness of Aus rice varieties against weed infestation. The experiments were carried out within the period of April to August 2014. Five commercial rice varieties viz. BR3, BRRI dhan48, hybrid variety Aloron, BRRI dhan43, Iratom-24 along with three (3) local cultivars Aina Miah, Doom and Kanihati were included in the research field trial. On the other hand, survey of thirty farmer’s field along with researcher’s managed trial were conducted to know the weed situation. In farmer’s field, 5 (five) variety namely BR3, hybrid variety Aloron, BRRI dhan55, BRRI dhan48 and cultivar Aina Miah were included. Here each variety or cultivar considered as treatment. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCBD) design with three replications. Weed Competitive Index (CI) was calculated on the basis of average yield of all varieties and weed biomass. Result indicated that eight weed species were recorded in the research field trial, whereas 28 weed species were recorded in the farmer’s field trial. The most prominent weeds in the experiment were Monochoria vaginalis, Digitaria sangunalis, Leersia hexandra, Cynodon dactylonetc. The highest weed competitive index was recorded in Aloron (2.27) and the lowest was recorded in Doom (0.42) in the research field. On the other hand, in farmer’s field trial the highest weed competitive index (2.05) was recorded in BRRI dhan48 which was followed by variety Aloron (1.71). The highest grain yield (4.04 t ha-1) was produced by the hybrid variety Aloron which was statistically identical with the variety BRRI dhan48 (3.19 t ha^-1) and Iratom-24 (3.06 t ha^-1). The hybrid variety Aloron produced the maximum panicle length (24.53 cm) and highest (103.53) grains panicle-1and lowest (41.87) panicle length was in variety BRRI dhan43. The lowest yield (1.07 t ha^-1) was recorded in local cultivar Doom which was at par with BRRI dhan43 (1.32 t ha^-1) and local cultivar Kanihati (1.53 t ha^-1).

Keywords: Aus rice, Varieties/cultivars, Growth, Yield, Hybrid variety Aloron.

Location: Agronomy Research Field of Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet and in the farmer’s field of Jaintapur and Gowainghat Upazila, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-04-2014

End Date: 00-08-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Infestation, Rice

Objectives:

To find out the suitable rice cultivar/varieties against weed infestation, to know the competitiveness of rice varieties against weed infestation and to know the yield loss by weed infestation.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Research Field of Sylhet Agricultural University, under Agro-Ecological Zone of Eastern Surma-Kushiyara Floodplain (AEZ 20) as well as the farmer’s field of Jaintapur and Gowainghat Upazila during Kharif-1 season of 2014. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture having fertility level low to medium and belongs to the “Khadimnagar” soil series with organic matter content was moderate (1.45%), N 0.80%, K 0.07 mmol100g^-¹ of soil, P was 25 μgg^-1 of soil and S was 10 μgg^-1 of soil and having pH value 5.2. Eight varieties/cultivars (Aina Miah, BR3, BRRI dhan48, Aloron, BRRI dhan43, Iratom-24, Doom and Kanihati) of Aus rice were tested in the experiment of research field trial and five varieties/cultivars e.g. BR3, hybrid variety Aloron, BRRI dhan55, BRRI dhan48 and a LYV (Aina Miah) of Aus rice were tested in the experiment of farmer’s field trial which was collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) and local farmers. The experiment was laid out in a RCB (Randomized Completely Block) design with three replications. The total number of plots was 18 with the area of 8.82 m² (4.2 m × 2.1 m) in each plot and distance between replication was 1.0 m and the adjacent unit plot was 0.5 m. The experimental plots were fertilized at the rate of 80, 30, 40, 10 and 2.5 kg ha^-¹ as N, P, K, S and Zn respectively. The whole amount of TSP (triple super phosphate), MoP (muriate of potash), gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied as basal dose in the unit plot at the time of final land preparation and thoroughly incorporated into the soil. Remaining urea was top dressed in three equal splits at 10, 25 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Seeds of the Aus rice were sown on 10 April 2014 to make seedling and then seedlings were transplantedon 11 May 2014 in the main field maintaining spacing of line 25 cm × 6 cm. Crop was harvested at maturity on plots wise at 4 installments depending of the varietal maturity. BRRI dhan48 and BRRI dhan43 were harvested on 6 August 2014; Iratom-24, Doom and Kanihati were harvested on8 August 2014; Aina Miah and Aloron were harvested on 17 August 2014; and BR3 was harvested on 27 August 2014,respectively. Threshing was done with pedal thresher. After threshing the grains were cleaned and sundried. After sun drying, the grains were adjusted at 14% moisture level. The crop growth parameters like plant height, number of effective tiller hill^-1, panicle length, filled grains panicle^-1, 1000 grain weight and grain yield data were taken from 10 randomly selected hills from each plot excluding the crop cut area. The yield was converted in terms of t ha^-1 from the yield of harvesting area. The recorded all data were compiled and analyzed statistically. Analysis of variance was done following randomized complete block design with the help of computer package MSTAT-C. The mean differences among the treatments were adjusted by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). The data on weed vegetation were taken from unit plots. The weed infestation in each plot was identified species-wise and their density m-2was counted. The density of weeds was determined by using an iron made quadrate of 0.5 m × 0.5 m in three places at random in each plot at 25 and 50 DAT. Weed population was then counted which were collected from each plot. Then fresh weight was recorded on all weeds of the research plot. Weed dry weight was recorded on all weeds of the plots after proper sun drying. Weed competitive index was counted also to find out the most suitable weed competitive variety. Weed Competitive Index (CI) was calculated on the basis of average yield of all varieties and weed biomass using the following formula (Rezakhanlou, 2012).

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 5(1):7 -14, 2018 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the research field experiment, it was revealed that the weed competitive index and yield of the hybrid variety Aloron and BRRI dhan48 performed well in Aus season against weed.

Knowledge Management: Journal