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Research Detail

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MI Hossain
Principal Scientific Officer
Regional Station, BWMRI, Rajshahi,

MI Hossain
Director General
BWMRI, Nashipur, Dinajpur

MA Ohab
Director (Planning)
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

MHR Sheikh
Director (Research)
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

BL Nag
Regional Station, BWMRI, Rajshahi,

The study was conducted to know the productivity and soil fertility status of intensified rice-wheat (RW) systems by adding a third pre-rice crop mungbeani.ewheat-mungbeanrice cropping pattern. The trial comprises five packages of practices including crop residue retention, seeding methods with tillage options imposed on the component crops in the same cropping pattern. The results indicated that keeping standing 30% crop residue in the field with minimum disturbance of soil had significant contribution on grain yield of wheat-mungbean-rice sequence compare to conventional practice of well-till without crop residue retention. System productivity and fertility were evaluated under five levels of tillage options (zero, strip, raised bed, minimum tillage by power tiller operated system (PTOS) and conventional tillage practice (CTP) in a RWM cropping pattern. Both permanent raised bed and strip till with 30% straw retention produced the highest productivity in all years and the lowest yield was also found from conventional practice with 30% straw retention.Soil organic matter in surface soil had increased by 0.12% after 3years crop cycles with 30% SR from rice and wheat and full residue retention from mungbean crop. Straw retention is an important component of soil management and may have long term positive impacts on soil quality. The combination of raised bedsystems and strip tillage with 30% residues retained appears to be a very promising technology for sustainable intensification of wheat-mungbean-rice croppingpattern in dry zone areas.

  Conservation agriculture, Productivity, Soil fertility, Sustainable and long term effect
  Regional Wheat Research Centre, Shyampur, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
  00-00-2015
  00-00-2015
  Postharvest and Agro-processing
  Wheat, Rice, Mungbean

To find out the sustainable yield from the pattern wheat- monsoon rice by introducing third crop mungbean after wheat and to improve soil fertility and productivity.

A rabi season wheat (Triticumaestivum)-kharif 1 mungbean (Vignaradiata)-monsoon rice(Oryza sativa) cropping pattern was started instead of wheat-monsoon rice pattern with wheat sown in November 24, 2015 at the Regional Wheat Research Centre, Shyampur, Rajshahi, Bangladesh (24°3'N, 88°41E, 18 m above sea level). The site has a subtropical climate and is located in Bangladesh Agro Ecological Zone 11 (High Ganges River Flood Plan) on flood-free high land, with coarse-textured, highly permeable soil (BARC, 2012). The area generally receives 1072 mm mean annual rainfall, about 95% of which occurs from May to September. Total rainfall was the highest during the monsoon rice season and lowest in the wheat season in all years. Sometime maximum temperature was above 38- 40°C in the month of May and minimum temperature was below 3-5°C in the month of January. Sunshine hours were maximum during the month from November to March in every all year. The trial involved a three-crop sequence i, e., rice-wheat-mungbean (RWM) planted on zero, tillage, strip tillage, and permanent raised bed, minimum tillage and conventional practices. Rice was transplanted (one 25-days-old seedling per hill) with spacing 30 cm x 15 cm spacing in late July and harvested in late November by manual. Wheat was seeded with 100-120 kg seed ha-1 with five tillage like zero tillage, strip tillage, permanent raised bed, minimum tillage and conventional practice, respectively, in late November and harvested in late March. After harvest of wheat, mungbean was sown in early April with seeding rate of 35 kg ha-1 and harvested in mid-July for zero tillage, strip tillage, permanent raised bed, minimum tillage and conventional practices. The trial was established in the treatments of five tillage options with 30% straw (1.5 t ha-1) management practices. The area of each subplot was 15 m2 (5m x 3m) with three replications. After planting the wheat or rice, straw from the preceding cereal crops was returned as mulch into the plot from which it had been removed at harvest. After harvesting and threshing, the rice and wheat straw were returned without chopping as standing way. The width of the beds was 60 cm (furrow to furrow) and the depth of the furrows on average was 15 cm. Two rows of wheat (var. BARI Gom-30) or rice (var. BRRI dhan71) with a spacing of 30 cm, were planted by hand sowing on each tillage options, two rows of rice on zero tillage, strip tillage, permanent raised bed, minimum tillage and conventional method, Mungbean (var. BARI Mung-6) was sown by tillage machineries in the furrows and indicator plant to assess microbial activity in the soil environment. The mungbean was harvested about 60 days after sowing (DAS). In case of conventional tillage practices (CTP), wheat was sown in 20 cm, mungbean was sown in 30 cm and rice was transplanted in 30 cm x 15 cm spacing. A basal dose of P (20, 22 and 26 kgha-1) from triple super phosphate, K (15, 35 and 33 kgha-1) from muriate of potash and S (10, 11 and 20 kgha-1) from gypsum was applied to mungbean, rice and wheat, respectively. In rice, the entire amount of PKS was broadcast before transplanting and mulching on zero tillage, strip tillage, permanent raised bed, minimum tillage and conventional tillage practice (CTP). For CTP the fertilizer was broadcast before tillage as is the usual practice. The recommended rate of N (80 kgha-1 for rice, 100 kgha-1 for wheat and 20 kgha-1 for mungbean) was applied as urea. For mungbean all N was applied before seeding. With CTP, N was applied in broadcast, while with beds it was banded on top of the soil between two rows in three equal installments 15, 30 and 45 days after seeding, while wheat, two-thirds of the N was applied before seeding and the remaining one-third at crown root initiation (CRI) stage. Sufficient irrigation water was applied to fill the furrows of all tillage options. Flood irrigation was applied in conventional plots. Weed control was done after the first irrigation for wheat by affinity application @ 2 glitre-1 of water, and at 25 and 45 days after transplanting for rice by Ronstar @ 1mllitre-1 of water. It is important to note that there was no additional weeding where outbreaks occurred-the treatments were compared with the same level of weed management. Grain and straw yield were determined on a whole plot basis or 15 m2 areas in each plot. Statistical analysis of data- The data were analyzed statistically following computer package MSTATC and the significance of mean differences was adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P ≤ 0.05 (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

  Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 67-75
  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47621
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

Yield and yield component of crops with an intensive wheat-mungbean-rice cropping pattern was achieved more under different tillage options with 30% straw retention over conventional. From two years study it was revealed that raised bed and strip tillage systems with 30% straw retention affected in terms of yield and yield components for all three crops which ultimately produced maximum yield due to its more border effect. Soil organic matter in surface soil had increased by 0.12% after two years crop cycles with 30% residue retention from rice, wheat and full residue retention from mungbean crop. Residue retention is an important component of soil management and may have long term positive impacts on soil quality. Both raised bed and strip till systems with 30% residues retained appears to be a very promising technology for sustainable intensification of rice-wheat-mungbean (RWM) systems in dry areas.

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