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Investigation of Etp Facilities and the Industrial Effluents Quality: a Case Study in Noakhali Industrial Area, Bangladesh

Md. Shiblur Rahaman*
Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh.

Fozia Momotaz
Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh.

Afrida Nurain
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Protima Sarker
Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh.

Sahoko Ichihara
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi-329-0498, Japan.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Untreated wastewater disposal from industries has been a crucial environmental issue for developing countries like Bangladesh. The current study aims to investigate the status of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) and the quality of effluents in the Noakhali industrial area, Bangladesh. Total 10 industries were surveyed and the ETP status showed that about 30% of industries do not have ETP facilities and only 30% of industries use their ETP for the treatment of the effluents where the rest of the industry’s ETPs were under construction or exist but not used. Effluent samples were collected from seven locations near the discharge points of various industries. All the physicochemical parameters were determined using standard analytical procedures and analyzed the values comparing with the guideline standard by the Department of Environment (DoE), Bangladesh. The average values of electric conductivity (EC) have exceeded the tolerable limit in maximum effluent samples. On the contrary, the temperature, pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) values were within the standard limit for all of the collected effluent samples. The chloride concentration of the three effluent samples surpassed the limit. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) limit were exceeded for the effluent sampling sites S-6 and S-7 collected near the food and beverage industry. Besides, the maximum dissolved oxygen (DO) values of the effluents were below the standard which indicates poor water quality. Environmental nuisance is producing in Noakhali industrial area as maximum industries have not enough wastewater treatment facilities. Present study demonstrated that it is obvious to operate the ETP regularly for improving the quality of effluents to save our native environment from the harmful effects of wastewater.

Keywords: Wastewater, Physicochemical parameters, Effluent Treatment Plant, Water Pollution.

Location: Noakhali industrial area, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Efluent

Objectives:

Until now, a very few baseline information is available about the overall status of the ETP facilities and the effluent quality in Noakhali industrial area. So, it is important to investigate the ETP facilities and the effluent quality in Noakhali industrial area for proper environmental management. In the present study, the ETP facilities and the quality of industrial effluents in the Noakhali industrial area were investigated according to the guideline of the Department of Environment (DoE).

Methodology:

2.1 Study area: The study was conducted in Noakhali industrial area, Bangladesh particularly Sonapur, Romjanbibi, and Chowrasta . The effluent samples were collected from seven different locations near (about 5 meters) the discharge points of various industries (Pharmaceuticals, button manufacturing, plastic manufacturing, recycling, food and beverage) for the study. 2.2 Sample collection and preparation Three samples were collected from each sampling location. For physicochemical analysis, effluent samples were collected in 100 ml polystyrene bottle after washing properly by distilled water. The collected samples were stored at 4ºC temperature and sealed tightly. The sampling location, number, temperature, time and date were recorded. 2.3 Physical and biochemical parameters analysis The physical parameters such as color, odor, temperature, electrical conductivity, pH and total dissolved solids were examined in the sampling site by different portable instruments by using standard methods. On the other hand, biochemical parameters including chloride, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) had experimented in the Globe Pharmaceuticals laboratory. The type and intensity of the color were observed by visual inspection. The testing procedure for the odor of the effluent samples was taken immediately after the sample collection on the basis of sense of smell. The temperature was measured in the sampling time by Celsius thermometer. The electrical conductivity of the samples was measured by an electric conductivity (EC) meter (Model: HANNA HI-8730N). The pH of the samples was measured by pH meter (Model: HANNA HI-96107). The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the samples were measured by a portable TDS meter (HANNA HI-98302). The amount of chloride was calculated by applying mercuric nitrate method. The dissolved oxygen of the samples was measured by a DO meter (DO-5509). All of the digital multimeters were calibrated following the manufacturer’s instructions before measuring the sample water. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were determined by 5-Day BOD test and open reflux method respectively according to Standard Methods. Each procedure was repeated three times and the average values of three replicates were recorded for the final reading. 2.4 Statistical Analysis The data obtained from the water samples were analyzed by using pivot tables and charts in Microsoft Excel 2019 and the study map was created by ArcGIS 10.8.

Source of Information: PESD, VOL. 14, no. 2, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2020142012

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Industrial wastewater discharge in water body generates one of the major pollution aspects of Bangladesh as the industrialization is growing faster. The present study shows that only 30% of industries use their ETP for the treatment of the wastewater in the Noakhali industrial area. Due to inadequate wastewater treatment plant, the direct wastewater discharge into the water bodies has been severely deteriorating the water quality in Noakhali area, Bangladesh. The average value of the most physicochemical parameters has been found fluctuating than the standard value set by the DoE, Bangladesh. According to the Environment Conservation Rule 1997, every industry should have an in-house ETP, unless they would not get the environmental clearance from DoE. To solve the water pollution issue, all of the industries should have well-designed ETP which perform efficiently. The quality of wastewater should be checked by following the guideline of DoE before discharging it in surface water and agriculture land.

Knowledge Management: Journal