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Effect of Split Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Potato (solanum Tuberosum)

Nizam Uddin Ahmed
Scientific Officer, Tuber Crop Research Sub-station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Munshigonj, Bangladesh

Zannatul Ferdous*
Senior Scientific Officer, On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Nashir Uddin Mahmud
Senior Scientific Officer, Soil Science Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore, Bangladesh

Afzal Hossain
Scientific Officer, On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Md. Asad Uz Zaman
Scientific Officer, Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Unbalanced use of chemical fertilizer is a problem in the intensive cropping systems on the Central part of Bangladesh. Proper nutrient management is essential to maximize potato production and sustain agricultural production while minimizing negative impacts on the soil fertility. The aim of the present study was to effect of spilt application of N, potato yields and soil fertility in response to environmental impact. A field experiment was conducted at Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre (TCRSC), Munshiganj during rabi season 2014-2015 to evaluate the performance of maximizing potato production through split application of N fertilizer. Six treatments viz. T1= control (no urea), T2= Two splits (1/2 nitrogen at 10DAP and 1/2at the 30DAP), T3= Two splits (1/2 nitrogen at 15DAP and 1/2at the 45DAP) T4=Three splits (1 /3 nitrogen at 10 DAP , 1 /3 at the 30 DAP and 1 /3 at the 50 DAP), T5=Four splits (1 /4 nitrogen at 5 DAP , 1 /4 at the 20 DAP, 1 /4 at the 35 DAP and1 /4 at the 50 DAP) along with T6= existing practice (FRG, 2012 of two splits) were evaluated for this purpose . The result indicated that the highest tuber yield (35.75 t/ha) was found from T5= Four splits (1 /4 nitrogen at 5 DAP, 1 /4 at the 20 DAP, 1 /4 at the 35 DAP and1 /4 at the 50 DAP) treatment. The lowest tuber yield was obtained from control treatment.

Keywords: N fertilizer, Split application, Nutrient management, Tuber yield, Potato

Location: Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre (TCRSC), Munshiganj

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Potato

Objectives:

This research seeks to determine the effect of splitting varying levels nitrogen on the yield of potatoes.

Methodology:

Site description and experimental design The study was initiated at the research field Tuber crop sun-station Munsigonj, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Muunsigonj, Bangladesh during November 2014 to March 2015 cropping season to find out the proper urea application for potato production. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Five different split application i.e: T1=control (no urea),T2=Two splits(1/2 nitrogen at 10DAP and 1/2at the 30DAP), T3=Two splits(1/2 nitrogen at 15DAP and 1/2at the 45DAP) T4=Three splits(1 /3 nitrogen at 10 DAP , 1 /3 at the 30 DAP and 1 /3 at the 50 DAP), T5=Four splits (1 /4 nitrogen at 5 DAP , 1 /4 at the 20 DAP, 1 /4 at the 35 DAP and1 /4 at the 50 DAP) along with T6= existing practice (FRG, 2012 ) of two splits (½ nitrogen as basal and ½ 30DAP) with 3 replications. The study area is located at 23°49’ N latitude and 90°41’ E longitude with 16 m above mean sea level. The soils of this region are moderately acidic, low in organic matter content. Overall, the fertility level is low to medium, but the status of K and CEC is medium in most of the places. The land was well prepared by tractor driven disc plough followed by laddering. The experiment was conducted on 28 November, 2014 with variety Diamant at the research field of the Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre, Munshigong during 2014-2015 potato growing season. Crop management Well-sprouted tubers were planted in the furrows as per treatment. The source of N, P, K, S and B was urea, triple super phosphate, murate of potash, gypsum and boric acid, respectively. Applied fertilizers and planted tubers were covered with soils properly making a ridge. Then two furrows at a depth of 5-6 cm were made 10-12 cm apart from furrow having planted tubers where except N and all other fertilizers applied. The crop was planted on 28 November in 2014 and maintaining 60 cm X 25 cm plant spacing. Weeding was required once to keep the plots weed free. Irrigations were provided at stolonization (22-23 days after planting (DAP), tuberization (33-35 DAP) and bulking (55-56 DAP) period, respectively. Earthing up was done once followed by top dressing of remaining N was applied as per treatment. Preventive measures were taken to control virus and blight diseases applying appropriate insecticides and fungicides. Carbofuran 5 G at the rate of 15 kg ha-1was applied in furrows (depth 5-6 cm) to control cut worm. Mancozeb, Mancozeb+ Metaloxil and Malathion applied at the rate of 2 kg, 1.5 kg and 1 L, respectively. Mancozeb, Mancozeb+ Metaloxil was applied twice while malathion was applied four times. Plants were dehaulmed at 100 DAP and tubers were harvested at 7 days after dehaulming. Data collection and statistical analysis After maturing randomly 5 plants were harvested to record the yield and yield contributing characters of potato. Tuber yield was harvested from randomly pre-selected central areas (about 9 m -2 ) of each plot and converted into tons per hectare (t ha-1 ). Mean data was analyzed statistically and was carried out to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the MSTAT-C (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2017, 4(2):60-66 ISSN: 2313-4461

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

By considering different plant characters and yield contributing characters the treatment T5 = Four splits (1 /4 nitrogen at 5 DAP, 1 /4 at the 20 DAP, 1 /4 at the 35 DAP and1 /4 at the 50 DAP) could be the most useful combination for potato cultivation . From this result, it was evident that split application of N management has a great potentiality for maximizing potato production and economic return of the farmer.

Knowledge Management: Journal