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In Vitro Regeneration and Multiplication of Jackfruit (artocarpus Heterophyllus L.)

M. Ashrafuzzaman*
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechmology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Sukarna Kar
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechmology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Dilafroza Khanam
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur,Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Shamsul Haque Prodhan
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechmology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.), known as national fruit of Bangladesh, found between June to August. Propagation of jackfruit plant from seeds is not widely accepted because of high heterozygosis. To maintain the true type quality fruit, tissue culture technique could be used for the propagation of jackfruit throughout the year. Healthy and juvenile shoot tips were used for explanting purpose and cultured in Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium complemented with different concentrations (0 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 3 mg/L and 4 mg/L) of plant growth hormone i.e. BAP (6-benzyleaminopurine), for the purpose of multiple shoot development. Regeneration of shoots increased comparatively better when MS medium was enriched with 2 mg/L of BAP. With the increase of subculture (up to 10th maximum), frequency of shoot proliferation was enhanced. These shoots were then cultured on half strength of MS medium supplemented with 0 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 3 mg/L and 4 mg/L IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) and observed that 2 mg/L IBA containing medium was highest in number of roots/explants, root length and early root induction.

Keywords: Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.), In vitro, Micro-Propagation, Shoot Tip

Location: Tissue Culture Lab of Biotechnology division in Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-03-2011

End Date: 00-06-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Jackfruit

Objectives:

The main objectives of the present study were the followings: To establish a suitable protocol for the micropropagation of jackfruit from shoot tip. Find out the effect of growth hormone (BAP) on shoot proliferation. Find out the effect of growth hormone (IBA) on root induction.

Methodology:

This study was carried out at the Tissue Culture Lab of Biotechnology division in Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh from March to June in 2011. 2.1. Explants Collection The explants material (5 cm long shoot tips) for the experiment was collected from healthy jack tree. 2.2. Surface Sterilization of Explants Jackfruit explants were surface sterilized at first using 3 g/L mercuric chloride for 1 minute, and thoroughly rinsed with sterilized distilled water for three times then continued surface sterilization using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes. 2.3. Sterilization of Equipments Glassware was scrubbed with brush in a hot detergent bath. They were washed thoroughly with tap water and then rinsed two to three times with distilled water and if necessary autoclaved shortly in order to liquefy the agar and to kill any contaminants that may be present. All the glasswares that needed cleaning were soaked in detergent water for 2 hours followed by repeated washing in tap water to remove components of detergent. Petri dishes, beaker etc. were wrapped with aluminum foil and left in the autoclaved at 121ºC, 15 1b, for 20 minutes for sterilization. 2.4. Establishment Stage of Jackfruit Explants The sterilized explants had been cultured individually into test-tube (150 ml) containing 20 ml. of the following media: MS medium (control) MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BAP MS medium supplemented with 4 mg/L BAP Cultures were incubated at 27 ± 2° C under light provided by white fluorescent tubes giving the intensity of about 2000 lux for 16 hours/day. The explants were subcultured with the same media every three weeks. Frequency of shoot induction was calculated. 2.5. Multiplication Stage Shoot, induced explants were multiplied in regeneration media and were repeatedly subcultured onto the same media at least twice for every 3 three weeks. 2.6. Rooting Stage Jackfruit shoots at 3 cm length, produced from the multiplication stage were cultured on the half strength MS basal medium supplemented with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at the concentration of (0 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 3 mg/L and 4 mg/L). Each treatment of the above experiment was supplemented with 30 g / 1000 ml sucrose and solidified with 16 g/ 1000 ml agar.

Source of Information: Research Journal of Biology (2012), Vol. 02, Issue 02, pp. 59-65 ISSN 2049-1727

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

With this experiment, a protocol for the micro-propagation of A. heterophyllus has been established from shoot tip that could be used for cultivating jackfruit in fruit gardens and reforestation programs and on the other hand, this finding would be a milestone for genetic transformation studies and conservation of endangered varieties in the developing countries in future.

Knowledge Management: Journal