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Research Detail

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S A I Nihad
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazip

A Ara
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazip

M M Rashid
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazip

M A I Hasan
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazip

M A I Khan
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazip

M A Latif
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazip

Bacterial blight is a perilous impediment for rice production. Resistant variety is a sustainable approach to fend off the loss of rice due to bacterial blight disease. In this study, 94 genotypes were screened against bacterial blight disease and its morphological diversity was assessed to find out the resistant donor with desirable morphological characters. Bacterial blight pathogen was inoculated following leaf clipping method for disease scoring. Out of 94 genotypes, 12 showed a resistant reaction, 13 showed moderately resistant reaction and 69 genotypes showed a susceptible reaction. A positive correlation was recorded between yield and most of the morphological characters. Yield hill-1 was significantly correlated with the number of tiller hill-1 (0.503**), number of effective tiller hill-1 (0.538**), the total number of spikelets panicle-1 (0.595**), number of filled grain panicle-1 (0.595**), number of unfilled spikelet panicle-1 (0.239* ) and 1000 grain weight hill-1 (0.843**). Eleven quantitative characters grouped 94 rice genotypes in 16 clusters at coefficient 3.38 and it indicated the presence of a great amount of diversity among the genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) supported the cluster analysis and the first four principal components explained around 70.99% of total divergence for all morphological characters. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrated that the genotypes BR8862-29-1-5-1-3, SVIN301, SVIN321, BR9207-45-2-2, SVIN018, lRBB5, SVIN038, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 were placed in distant position from the centroid and it indicated that they were more diverse than the genotypes near the centroid. However, based on disease reaction and genetic diversity analysis crossing could be made between, resistant genotypes such as SVIN317, SVIN017, SVIN316, SVIN313, SVIN315, SVIN314, SVIN038, SVIN307, SVIN302, SVIN304 with the susceptible variety more specifically with BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan50, BRRI dhan58, BRRI dhan63, BRRI dhan74, BRRI dhan81 and BRRI dhan84 to develop bacterial blight resistant variety.

  Bacterial blight, Correlation, Disease screening, Genetic divergence analysis, Morphological traits, Rice genotypes.
  RRI, Los Banos, Philippines, and Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
  
  
  Variety and Species
  Rice

To determine the relationship among the genotypes. 

A total of 94 genotypes were collected from IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines, and Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh. Plants were grownup in the experimental plot of Plant Pathology Division for bacterial blight screening. Genotypes were grown in the seedbed and 25 days aged plants were planted in the plot by implementing randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Isolation and purification of pathogens Bacterial blight-infected plants were obtained from rice field for isolation of the pathogen. Infected leaves were cut into small pieces (5mm infected tissue and 5mm of adjacent healthy tissue) and placed in 70% ethanol for 10 seconds, after that the leaves were washed through sterilized water and immersed in 300 µl sterilized water for 15 minutes. A loop was dipped into the water and streaked on PSA (peptone 1.2%, sucrose 1.2%, agar 2%) plates followed by incubation for 3 to 4 days at 30oC for bacterial colony development. The yellow colonies were selected and purified on fresh PSA plates with a sterilized wire loop. The pathogenicity was confirmed according to Koch's postulates on a susceptible variety. 

Bacterial culture preparation and disease scoring After dilution of the bacterial inoculum by distilled water, the concentration was adjusted to 3.3×108 colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/mL), which is a suitable concentration for genetic  Xoo infection in the host. Bacterial culture suspension was inoculated in the plants by clipping methods. Studied genotypes were inoculated at the booting stage. The scissors were dipped in the inoculum and one-fourth of top 3- 4 leaves were clipped by the scissors. After 21 days of inoculation, disease severity and incidence were scored based on following IRRI Standard Evaluation System (IRRI-SES) (IRRI, 2013). Resistant, 1-5% of diseased leaf area (Score 1), moderately resistant 6-12% (Score 3), moderately susceptible 12-25% (Score 5), susceptible 26-50% (Score 7), highly susceptible >50% (Score 9). Later, moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible were merged into one group as susceptible. However, other groups (resistant and moderately resistant) remain the same as before. Morphological characters such as plant height (PHT, cm), number of tillers per hill (NTH-1 , no), number of effective tiller per hill (ETH-1 , no), days to flowering (DF, no), days to maturity (DM, no), Panicle length (PL, cm), number of filled spikelet per panicle (NFSP-1 , no), number of unfilled spikelet per panicle (UFSP-1 ), total number of spikelets per panicle (TNSP-1 ), 1000 grain weight (TGW) and yield per hill measured from each replication plot of the respective genotypes. Descriptive statistics of morphological parameters of the genotypes were calculated by Microsoft excel version 2016. To measure the associations among the 11 morphological characters Pearson's correlation coefficient was done by SPSS software version 20. Euclidean distance of the 94 genotypes was measured based on morphological data by using NTSYSpc version 2.1 (Rohlf, 1998). Moreover, unweighted pair group methods of arithmetic mean (UPGMA) algorithm and SAHN clustering were applied to determine the relationship among the genotypes. The principal component analysis (PCA) of studied rice lines were revealed by EIGEN and PROJ modules of NTSYS-pc. Moreover, the principal coordinate analysis was done by following the manual instruction of the same software. 

  Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 73-84, 2020
  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v24i1.53241
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

 

In this study, 94 genotypes were screened for disease reaction and morphological diversity. Out of 94 genotypes, 12 showed a resistant reaction, 13 showed moderately resistant reaction and the rest of the genotypes showed a susceptible reaction. Yield hill-1 had a high and significant positive correlation with the number of tiller hill-1, number of effective tiller hill-1, the total number of spikelets panicle-1, number of filled grain panicle-1, number of unfilled spikelet panicle-1 (0.239* ) and 1000 grain weight hil-1. Moreover, based on 11 morphological characters, 94 rice genotypes were clustered into sixteen major groups and it indicates the presence of diversity among the genotypes. However, the PCA and PCoA mostly confirmed the cluster analysis. The first four principal components explained around 70.99% of total divergence for all quantitative

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