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Understanding the Permutation of Integrated Agriculture Approach for Bringing Resilience at Haor Basins in Bangladesh

Sheikh Muhammad Khaled Sharif*
Faculty of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Shahana Sultana
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Farjana Haq
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abu Sayeed Md. Abdullah
Reproductive and Child Health Department, Centre for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh (CIPRB), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Integration of different agriculture technologies with Cooperative and Public Private Partnership (PPP) like approach is crucial for resilience at Haor areas in Bangladesh. This study was attempted to investigate integrated approaches to bring resilience, to learn the opinions about cooperative approach, PPP approach, and microcredit access from the Households (HHs) and finally to recommend appropriate measures to build resilience in Haor Basins. A cross sectional study was conducted in 150 HHs of 6 different villages in three haors of Sunamganj district. The data were collected by face to face interview with the responders and then the data were obtained and analysed with MS XL and SPSS software. The study area was single-cropping area and about 64% of the respondents knew about it with no practices by anyone. They express it will increase dry period opportunities and bring technical-know-how. They expressed cooperatives have no strength, not functional and exists only by name. Nearly 44% asked PPP approach will bring nothing as many things were shouted for development. There is wide criticism of microcredit due to interest rate and anticipated losses. It was also found that 98% respondents did not feel resilient. Forming cooperatives of HHs in the haor, followed by integrated approach of agriculture by technology dissemination, investing with public private partnership mode by the investors in such cooperatives and finally integration of all proposed approaches towards resilience are finally recommended. Therefore, integrated agriculture approach would be the solutions to be resilient through taking attempt to both single-cropping areas and multiple cropping areas with an aim where it is least possible. PPP approach, cooperative approach and institutional linkages will bring success as one approach will reduce the limitations of others

Keywords: Integrated Agriculture Approach, Cooperative Approach, PPP Approach, Resilience, Haor Basin

Location: Sunamganj district, Haor basin, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Haor

Objectives:

This study revealed to investigate of integrated approaches to bring resilience, trace responses about cooperative approach, PPP approach, microcredit access and migration from the HHs and recommend appropriate measures to build resilience in Haor Basins.

Methodology:

The present study followed the quantitative method for data/information collection. Total 150 HHs from 6 different villages of three Haors, two from each haor were selected at random. Therefore, multistage random sampling was attained for the study. However, opinions on cooperative approach, PPP approach, and microcredit access were tested for the acceptances from the HHs. For integrated agriculture approach and microcredit access single opinion for and against are allowed to express as those are scarce and common respectively among poor regions. For cooperative approach and PPP approach the HH heads were asked for single opinion on each of these approach as those are common and stranger to them respectively. The study was conducted in Sunamganj district represents one of the major Haor areas as the district is full of haors and baors and inhabiting more than two million (24,67,968) population. Annual rainfall as recorded during the year of 2011 was 3080 millimeter. Therefore, Sunamganj is flood-prone, especially flash-flood-prone and was selected to explain why resilience is needed, also the probable suggestions to build resiliency. Sunamganj district was selected purposively where total area of Haor basin in Bangladesh is 24,500 km2 [4] and Sunamganj covers an area of 3,792 km². Haors consists in the period of water retention which is 7 to 8 months [4] and experience frequent hazards such as monsoon flood, early flash flood etc. which are more likely in Sunamganj. Three haors includes Karchar Haor, Kalner Haor and Dekar Haorin Sunamganj district have been selected purposively which are either close to Upazila Sadar or connected via metalled roads. Six villages (two from each haor) were selected where only one crop, more specifically one rice is cultivated and integrated agriculture practices can be attempted reasonably were selected. HHs from each village was also selected by simple random techniques equally in numbers. There are 268 villages in Sunamganj Sadar and 184 in Bishwamvarpur Upazila [13] and six villages were selected from those [Table 1].

The District Statistics (2011), Population and Housing Census (2011) and Census of Agriculture (2008) were used as secondary data for this study. Journal articles, book chapters, reports, government publications, publications of research organizations, seminar/conference proceedings, and news published in different national newspapers and important websites where haors affairs have been described were also used for secondary data. Such secondary data used in this study were suitable and adequate for the purpose as well as reliable. The primary data were collected randomly from 150 HHs Head about their opinions on different approaches like cooperative approach, integrated agriculture approach, public-private-partnership approach, their demand towards adaptations and resilience etc. To obtain the primary data, the adopted questionnaire comprised dichotomy, multiple choice questions, close and open form of questions etc. The interview schedule was developed in logical sequence, so those local people and farmer could answer systematically. Each question was explained clearly and asked systematically for their sound understanding and adequate answers from them. Mainly descriptive statistics were employed in analyzing the data. The collected data through questionnaire interviews were verified to eliminate errors and inconsistencies, edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study. Any kind of inconsistencies in the collected data were searched and avoided from the relevant data. Data were analyzed with MS XL as well as SPSS as per objectives later. The findings constituted the results are presented in descriptions, tables and charts etc. without duplications in each. Only single cropping pattern of cultivable land thus selected are the part of the total haor basin where resilience to develop.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 2017; 5(5): 67-74

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Researches on homestead gardening, floating gardening were purposively used in various projects implemented by international organizations and achieved successes in the form of increasing popularity in the haor areas. Although integrated agriculture techniques are now studying and practicing at home and abroad (Kenya, Tanzania, Vietnam, India so name a few) with varying scales, it is not the only means of resilience. Several other practices must be incorporated into the agriculture and livelihood improvement programs in Haor Basin. None research, reports, studies and programs should be underestimated in this respect. There need to take initiatives to establish and grow the integrated agriculture approach, cooperative approach, Public-Private Partnership approach etc. for the greater interests of the Haor Community. Attaining strategic goals for short-range, longrange plans are to device. Exceptional, extensive, distinguished and special functions are to execute on the way to development. Integrated agriculture is not far away from the current agriculture systems and efforts to the adaptations being met for the community and must be incorporated into current practices considering the socioeconomic status of the HHs, shorter cultivation period, scarce opportunities in lands and extreme hazards as well as disasters in the Haor Basins.

Knowledge Management: Journal