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Research Detail

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H. Rahman*
Senior Scientific Officer, Horticulture Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jamalpur, Bangladesh

A. Akter
Scientific Officer, Horticulture Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jamalpur, Bangladesh

Twenty-one table banana genotypes viz. Amrit Sagar, BARI Kola-1, Basrai, Binisuta, Champa, Dudsagar, Ganasundari, Grandnaine, ITC-1262, ITC-1310, ITC-1319, ITC-1320, ITC-1332, ITC-1441, ITC-570, Kabri, Kanaibashi, Lakatan, Madna, Sabri, and Sagar, were studied to evaluate the performance of yield and yield contributing characters and morphological diversity at the fruit farm and fruit characteristics were studied in the laboratory of the Horticulture Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jamalpur, Bangladesh during March 2013 to April 2014. There were significant variations among the table banana genotypes in terms of all vegetative growth characters, flowering characters, harvesting time, yield contributing characters, qualitative characters, post-harvest quality, and fruit yield characters. Plant height at shooting varied from 1.53 to 3.69 m, where Sagar got the shortest and Ganasundari the tallest plant. Ganasundari produced the height base girth (64.54 cm) as compared to the lowest base girth in Kanaibashi (45.42 cm). The maximum number of leaves was obtained from Sagar (11.45) whereas; Lakatan produced minimum leaves (4.78). The highest days required for harvest (366.17) in Kabri genotype whereas the lowest days for harvest (306.67) in Amrit Sagar genotype. The Amrit Sagar genotype is considered a short duration variety as compared to long duration genotype Champa. BARI Kola-1 exhibited the highest bunch weight (17.53 kg) as compared to the lowest in Binisuta (6.99 kg). The highest number of hands per bunch was recorded in ITC-1441 (9.84) and the least in Kanaibashi (5.09). The genotype ITC-1441 got the highest number of fingers per bunch (149.99) whereas; Kanaibashi got the lowest fingers (57.79). Finger length ranged from 10.43 to 17.66 cm. Fruit diametric was found to be maximum in Ganasundari (4.69 cm) as against the minimum in ITC-1319 (3.04 cm). Individual finger weight was manifested maximum in Ganasundari (156.10 g) and minimum finger weight in Champa (67.77 g). The genotypes Basrai, Binisuta, Champa, ITC-1310, ITC-1441, Kabri, Lakatan, and Sabri resulted in the small-sized fingers. The highest weight of skin of individual finger (27.00 g) was observed in Ganasundari whereas the lowest in Kabri (12.00 g). The parameter weight of skin of an individual finger is directly proportioned to the edible portion. The genotype ITC-1320 was contributed to the highest edible portion (87.00%) and the Lakatan had the lowest (66.51%). The most important qualitative character of any fruit is TSS. Maximum TSS (25.17%) exhibited in the genotype Basrai and minimum TSS (17.00%) in ITC-1332. The prolonged shelf life (7.50 days) was observed in ITC-1232 and Sabri genotypes and the shortest shelf life was observed in ITC1320 (3.75 days). Normally, prolonged shelf life is preferable by consumers. The highest fruit yield was recorded in BARI Kola-1 (43.36 t/ha) followed by ITC-1320 (37.53 t/ha) as compared to the lowest yield in Binisuta (17.46 t/ha). Principal component analysis of table banana genotypes was accomplished for the identification of characteristics with better capability for selection of the genotypes. Cluster analysis of table banana genotypes was also finalized to arrange the genotypes into five homogeneous groups and it confirmed the clustering pattern of principal component analysis. The Pearson correlation also determined among the characters studied of table banana genotypes. The yield of the table banana genotypes demonstrated a tough positive and significant correlation with base girth, bunch weight, bunch length, bunch breadth, peduncle weight, number of hands per bunch, the weight of the individual hand, number of fingers per bunch, finger length, finger diameter, individual finger weight, and edible portion. The results-focused that improvement of these characters can contribute to increasing in the yield of the crop.

  Cluster analysis, Correlation, Evaluation, Genotype, Growth, Morphological diversity, Principal component analysis, Table banana, Yield
  Horticulture Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jamalpur, Bangladesh
  00-03-2013
  00-04-2014
  Conservation and Biodiversity
  Banana

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of yield and yield contributing characters and morphological diversity of table banana genotypes under Jamalpur condition of Bangladesh. 

The experiment was carried out at the fruit farm and fruit characteristics were studied in the laboratory of the Horticulture Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jamalpur, Bangladesh during March 2013 to April 2014. Twenty-one table banana genotypes viz. Amrit Sagar, BARI Kola-1, Basrai, Binisuta, Champa, Dudsagar, Ganasundari, Grandnaine, ITC-1262, ITC-1310, ITC-1319, ITC-1320, ITC-1332, ITC-1441, ITC-570, Kabri, Kanaibashi, Lakatan, Madna, Sabri, and Sagar were included in the study. Normally, planting season of banana in Bangladesh is March to April or September to November and harvesting time is around the year. It can be grown in a wide range of soil but well-drained, loamy to sandy loam soil is best. Four to five irrigations are required during the dry season. This variety can be grown successfully with a wide range of temperature like 100C to 450C. Table banana can be cultivated following rectangular or square system in plain land, gentle slope and hill valley. It can be successfully grown around the homestead area. The land should be made free from all perennial bushes and other weeds through ploughing. The pits of 60 X 60 X 60 cm are to be prepared at least 15 days before planting. The experiment was done following layout in a randomized complete block design with three replications. A Sword sucker of table banana was planted maintaining the spacing 2 X 2 m. Population per hectare area was 2500. Duration of the crop in the field (planting of the sucker to harvest) was 307-366 days depending on the genotypes. Manures and fertilizer (per hectare) doses were Cowdung: 20-25 t, Urea: 600-750 kg, TSP: 400-500 kg, MOP: 500-600 kg, Gypsum: 200-300 kg, Boron: 10 g, ZnSO4: 10 g and MgSO4: 10 g. Fifty percent Cow dung (50%) is to be applied during land preparation. Rest 50% Cow dung, entire amount of Gypsum, TSP, Boron, ZnSO4, MgSO4 & 50% MOP are to be applied in the pit. The whole urea and rest MOP was applied in five installments each two months after planting. During flowering, Urea and MOP were applied as top dress. Irrigation was applied 10 to 15 days interval during dry season to increase fruit yield and quality. Weeding, mulching, desuckering, bagging, propping etc. was done as per requirements. Male buds were removed immediately after the opening of the last flowers. No serious pest was observed except banana leaf and fruit beetle. To control this insect the following steps are to be taken: i) Polythene bagging-the the whole inflorescence was covered with a transparent polythene bag just after the emergence of the inflorescence and before the opening of the first finger. In the case of bagging technology, one end of the polythene bag should be tied with the peduncle loosely and the other end should be remaining open. There should be 20-30 small holes (2 to 3 mm diameter) on polythene bag for better aeration; ii) Spraying of Diazinon 60 EC 2 ml/L or Seven 85 WP 1.5 g/L water thrice: 1) just after initiation of inflorescence, 2) just after the emergence of the first finger and 3) at the completion of fruit setting. Among the diseases, Sigatoka was found in the rainy season which was controlled by spraying Tilt (0.5 ml/liter of water) or Bavistin (1 g/liter of water) or knowing (2 g/liter of water). Data in respect of plant height, base girth, number of leaves, days to panicle appearance, days to first flowering, days to last flowering, days to harvest, bunch weight, bunch length, bunch breadth, peduncle weight, number of hands per bunch, weight of individual hand, number of fingers per hand, finger length, finger diameter, individual finger weight, weight of skin of individual finger, edible portion, TSS, shelf life, and fruit yield were recorded and analyzed statistically and means were separated by DMRT in the method suggested by Gomez and Gomez (1984) and using open source software ‘R’ programme. 

  OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal Volume 9, Issue 2 ISSN: 2231-0398 (Online), ISSN: 2347-9949 (Print)
  
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

A comprehensive range of significant variation was observed among the table banana genotypes in terms of vegetative growth characters, flowering characters, harvesting time, yield contributing characters, qualitative characters, post-harvest quality, and yield. Principal component analysis of table banana genotypes was completed for the identification of characters with better capability for selection of the genotypes. Cluster analysis of table banana genotypes was also finished to arrange the genotypes into five homogeneous groups and it confirmed the clustering pattern of principal component analysis. The Pearson correlation was also performed among the characters studied of table banana genotypes. The yield of the table banana genotypes demonstrated a tough positive and significant correlation with base girth, bunch weight, bunch length, bunch breadth, peduncle weight, number of hands per bunch, the weight of the individual hand, number of fingers per bunch, finger length, finger diameter, individual finger weight, and edible portion. The results-focused that improvement of these characters can contribute to an increase in the yield of the crop. About seventy-five percent of the table banana genotypes produced more than 20 tons per hectare fruit yield. The highest fruit yield was recorded in BARI Kola-1 (43.36 t/ha) followed by ITC-1320 (37.53 t/ha) as compared to the lowest yield in Binisuta (17.46 t/ha). But some qualitative and postharvest characters i.e. edible portion, TSS, shelf life and consumers’ preference were also considered during evaluation. Among these table banana genotypes, BARI Kola-1, ITC1320, ITC-570, ITC-1441, Sagar, Dudsagar and Grandnaine was the best ones considering all evaluated parameters especially yield, edible portion, TSS, shelf life, good taste, and highly consumers’ licking. 

  Journal
  


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