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Heavy Metal Concentration in Some Freshwater Fishes During Autumn and Winter in Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

MD. ABUL MANSUR
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MITHUN KARMAKAR

MD. NURUL HAIDER

MD. MUBARACK HOSSAIN

MD. MANIK MIA
Quality Control Laboratory, Department of Fisheries, Savar, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Study was conducted to determine the heavy metal concentration in 5 freshwater fishes Heteropneustes fossilis, Clarias batrachus, Anabus testudineus, Oreochromis niloticus, and Mystus gulio during autumn and winter. Most widely eaten five freshwater fish species were selected for this purpose. These fish species were Among the heavy metals estimated in this study (Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn) the Cd, Cu, Zn were within the acceptable level but Cr and Pb concentration was above the maximum allowable limit. The Cd, Cr, Pb concentration in the fish muscle was higher in winter as compared to that of autumn but the Cu and Zn concentration was higher in autumn when compared to that of winter. Result of the present research indicates that the heavy metal concentration in fish muscle significantly varies with season. Some heavy metal were within the acceptable level in autumn season but above the maximum allowable limit in winter season. In H. fossilis, C. batrachus, and O. niloticus, heavy metal concentration was within the acceptable level but in A. testudineus and M. gulio heavy metal concentration was above the maximum allowable limit. So heavy metal concentration varied with season as well as with species of fish.

Keywords: Heavy metals, Freshwater fish, Seasonal differences

Location: K.R. Market, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish, Heavy metal in water

Objectives:

To reveal the level of heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn) in the freshwater fish of Mymensingh.

Methodology:

Source of fish: Heteropneustes fossilis, Clarias batrachus, Anabas testudineus, Oreochromis niloticus, and Mystus gulio were purchased from K.R. Market, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The fishes were in live condition except Mystus gulio which was in chilled condition during purchase. Fish of each species weighed about 1 – 2 kg were taken in separate polyethylene bag which were rapidly transported to the laboratory. The raw materials of this research were purchased from the same supplier in each season i.e. autumn, winter, for a better comparison of results. For heavy metal analysis six fillets were taken from six different fishes. Freshness test: The freshness of the raw fishes was determined by organoleptic examination according to the methods of Howgate et al. (1992). Seven characters were judged and defect points were given on the basis of defect character). Finally, grading of fishes was done by summing the defect points and then by dividing the sum of defect points by 7. It should be noted that defect point 5 for any one of the seven characters indicates that the fish is in grade C and should be rejected. Heavy metal analysis: Determination of Heavy Metal content of Fish muscle is carried out according to the methods of Clesceri et al. (1989) and Eboh et al. (2006). Sample preparation and digestion for heavy metal determination was carried out according to the method of Mansur et. al. (2013, 2014). Analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer: The digested and diluted sample was subjected to analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The wavelength for such measurement was for As, Cr and Cd was 193.7 nm, 127 nm and 217 nm respectively. The absorbance and corresponding concentration of heavy metal was determined from a standard graph which was previously prepared by standard compound of heavy metal.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. (2021) 33(1) : 81-87

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In Bangladesh control of water pollution is necessary to control the level of heavy metal in fish and other aquatic food. An extensive research is necessary to find out the level of heavy metal in fish and other aquatic food. Effect of season, species and other related factors can also be taken into consideration. On the basis of the result of this research it can be concluded that: Heavy metal (metal and element) concentration in fish muscle significantly varies with season; some heavy metal were within the acceptable level in autumn season but above the maximum allowable limit in winter season; and heavy metal concentration in fish muscle significantly varies with species too. Result of the present research indicates that the heavy metal concentration in fish muscle significantly varies with season. Some heavy metal were within the acceptable level in autumn season but above the maximum allowable limit in winter season. In H. fossilis, C. batrachus, and O. niloticus, heavy metal concentration was within the acceptable level but in A. testudineus and M. gulio heavy metal concentration was above the maximum allowable limit. So heavy metal concentration varied with season as well as with species of fish.

Knowledge Management: Journal