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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Four Underutilized Fruits of Bangladesh

ASHIQ ARAFAT ZITU
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

JAHID HASAN SHOUROVE
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MD MOZAMMEL HOQUE
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

ROWSHON ARA*
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of four underutilized fruits namely Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.), Olive (Elaeocarpus serratus L.), Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), and Taikor (Garcinia pedunculata Roxb.) commonly found in Bangladesh were evaluated. The highest total phenolic content (685.08 ± 27.65 mg GAE/100 ml) and total flavonoid content (148.18 ± 0.40 mg QE/100 ml) were found in Taikor extract, which compliance with its highest DPPH scavenging activity and antibacterial properties. It exerted a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) zone of inhibition against Escerichia coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. than the other experimented fruit extracts. The antioxidant activity was found as Taikor (43.15 ± 1.61%)> Roselle (33.07 ± 1.61%) > Olive (28.68 ± 0.78%) > Jujube (24.81 ± 1.34%). Bacillus spp. are found to be more susceptible to the experimented sample extracts. Fruit samples studied may be utilized as potential sources of natural antioxidants and antibacterial compounds, and their extracts may be used as natural bio preservatives to extend the shelf life of foodstuffs.

Keywords: Underutilized fruits, Zone of inhibition, Antioxidant activity, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Minimum bactericidal concentration

Location: Bandar Bazar, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Antibiotic, Fruit

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity against Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. of underutilized fruits such as Jujube, Olive, Roselle, and Taikor.

Methodology:

Fresh and matured Jujube (local sour variety), Olive, Roselle, and Taikor fruits were collected from Bandar Bazar, Sylhet, Bangladesh. Total phenolic content was measured using the FolinCiocalteu’s colorimetric assay (Amorim et al. 2008). Total flavonoid contents (TFC) was determined using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method (Meda et al. 2005). DPPH radical scavenging activity was evaluated according to Brand-Williams et al. (1995). Antibacterial activity of fruit extracts was determined by the agar disc-diffusion method followed by Mayachiew and Devahastin (2008). Two gram Positive (Bacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp.) and two Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp.) bacteria were collected from the laboratory of Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh to investigate the potential activity of the extracts. Ciprofloxacin was used as the antibiotic for the blank test. The in vitro antibacterial property (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) of the samples was evaluated based on broth micro dilution test. Methanol extracts were dissolved in Nutrient broth containing 5% (v/v) DMSO to reach final concentrations of 10 mg/ml. Next, selected dilutions were made in a concentration ranging between 1-10 mg/ml. Minitab statistical software was used to analyze the variance by the Tukey test. The p ≤ 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Data were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent measurements.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1035-1039, 2021 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v50i4.57070

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were found in Taikor among all the experimented fruit extracts. All of the fruit extracts are suggested as natural bio preservatives for extending the shelf life of stored food commodities and may be used in lieu of synthetic food additives in various food processing sectors. Further study is needed to optimize the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the sample extracts by using novel technology.

Knowledge Management: Journal