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Performance of Mustard Genotype/varieties Against Alternaria Leaf Blight

F Khatun
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore

M A Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur.

M S Alam
Professor
Dept. of Botany, RU, Rajshah

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mustard genotype/varieties may differ in their tolerance to Alternaria leaf blight with this idea in view, a study was carried out at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jessore for two consecutive rabi season of 2003-04 and 2004-05. Twenty six genotypes (varieties/lines) were collected from different sources. Among the genotypes, nine were from Brassica campestris, eight from Brassica napus and nine from Brassica juncea. The mustard genotypes showed differential reaction to infection by Alternaria blight. According to the magnitude of disease severity, the genotypes under three, Brassica species were ranked as B. campestris> B. napus> B. Juncea. Among the twenty six genotypes B. Juncea variety BARI Sarisha 11 produced the highest seed yield but exhibited the lower disease severity. On the other hand, among the B. campestris variety BARI Sarisha 6 was high yielder but susceptible to Alternaria leaf blight. It can be concluded that BARI Sarisha 11 regarded as a breeding material for development of new mustard varieties with disease tolerance and high yielding characteristics.

Keywords: Mustard genotypes, Alternaria, Yield

Location: Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2005

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To find out the resistance genotypes of mustard/rapeseed against Alternaria leaf blight.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted during 2003-04 and 2004-05 with this idea in view, mustard genotypes/varieties may differ in their tolerance to Alternaria leaf blight. Twenty six mustard genotypes (varieties/lines) viz. OTBC-01000, OTBC-03 (Y), OTBC-11, OTBC-44, OTBC-68, BARI Sarisha 6, BARI Sarisha 9, BARI Sarisha 12, Nap-9901, Nap-9906, Nap-9908, Nap-0115, Nap-0130, BARI Sarisha 7, BARI Sarisha 8, BARI Sarisha 13, BJ-64, BJ-54, BJ-35, BJ-27, BJ-22, BJ-202000, BARI Sarisha10, BARI Sarisha11, Rai-5, Tori-7 (check) were tested for their incidence and severity of Alternaria leaf blight. Out of twenty six genotypes, nine were from Brassica campestris, eight from Brassica napus and nine from Brassica Juncea were taken. Alternaria susceptible variety Tori-7 was used as a check. All these genotypes/advanced lines developed by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. This experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 3m x 2.1m. Seeds were sown on 4 November 2004 and 5 November 2005, respectively maintaining a spacing of 30 cm between lines. Every year the crop had received 120 kg N, 30 kg P, 60 kg K, 30 kg S, 2 kg Zn and 1 kg B per hectare. The sources of nutrients were urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, Zinc sulphate and boric acid for N,P,K,S,Zn and B respectively. Intercultural operation viz, weeding, irrigation and insecticide spray were done as and when required. Development of Alternaria blight was assessed by recording data (% leaf infection, % leaf area diseased, % siliqua infection and number of spots siliqua^-1) 3 times during crop growth stage. Data on the yield and yield contributing characters from all plots were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed following the principle of F-statistics and the mean values were separated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984)

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agriculturist. 3(1): 91–98, 2009 ISSN 1812-4631

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The mustard genotypes evaluated under natural epiphytotic conditions showed differential reaction to infection by Alternaria blight. According to the magnitude of disease severity, the genotypes under three Brassica species were ranked as B. campestris> B. napus> B. juncea. This might be attributed to difference in genetic make up of these genotypes. In general, plants of B. campestris genotypes are, more susceptible to A. brassicae than B. napus and B. juncea (Rai, 1983; Meah et al., 1985) because of the presence of thick waxy coating on the epidermal layers of B. juncea (Singh and Bhowmik, 1985). This is why the varieties BARI Sarisha 6, 9 and 12 etc. belonging to B. campestris experienced more infections than B. juncea varieties such as BARI Sarisha 10 and 11. Among the genotypes B. juncea variety BARI Sarisha 11 produced the highest seed yield and exhibited the lower disease severity. On the other hand, among the B. campestris genotypes BARI Sarisha 6 was high yielder but disease susceptible. This finding is supported by earlier reports from Bangladesh (BINA, 1992; BARI, 1992; Hossain and Meah, 1990; Meah and Hossain, 1989; Meah and Hossain, 1988; Meah, 1986) and India (Rai, 1983). But Galvez and Romero (1988) contradicted the present findings who found higher number of infected pod in lines of B. juncea compared to those of B. campestris and B. napus in a screening trial against black spot due to Alternaria spp. Singh (1990) mentioned that phenotypic characters of plants are the result of interaction between the genetic make up of the plant and the surrounding environment. Siliqua is the most important yield contributing parameter. It is fact that infection in siliqua greatly influences the yield. Entries of Brassica spp. differed in siliqua infection and siliqua spotting. Earlier reports support the differential reaction of Brassica spp. to A. brassicae in respect of siliqua infection. The present findings regarding siliqua infaction also corroborated with the results of Vishwanath and Kolte (1999), Dang et al., (2000) and Godika and Pathak (2002). Meah and Hossain (1988) and Meah (1986) reported that B. juncea had significantly lower siliqua infection and lower number of spots siliqua^-1 under field conditions. Hossain (2007) also reported that BARI Sarisha 11 can be regarded as a breeding material for development of new mustard varieties with disease tolerance and high yielding characteristics. Therefore, it can be concluded that BARI Sarisha 11 is high yielder with tolerance to Alternaria blight and BARI Sarisha 6 (among the B. campestris genotypes) is high yielder but susceptible to Alternaria blight.

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