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Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Selected Insecticides and Detection of Their Residues from Vegetables

Mr. Md. Sultan Ahmed
Ph D Fellow
Dept. of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In both 2006-07 and 2007-08 seasons, among tested brands of Malathion only one brand (MTF) had 98.95-100% purity, which was standard product while other brands were 22-92% pure, which could be considered as substandard and impure products. Similar results were found in Diazinon but its two brands (DZN, SBN) were of very poor quality with 0.15-0.83% purity. Three brands of Quinalphos (BLX, MLX, ALX) and three brands of Cypermethrin (RCD, CMB, SCR) contained higher active ingredients (AI) up to 100% and were considered to be standard or acceptable product while thirteen brands of these two insecticides having 59-91% and 77-94% purity, respectively were substandard or not acceptable. Fenitrothion and Acephate had only SMT and ATF respectively as standard products with 96-100% purity, and 74-94% and 57-93% purity were found in other brands. Among these six marketed insecticides in different brands, Malathion and Diazinon were of higher impure quality. The degradation rate of Cypermethrin, Diazinon, Quinalphos and Fenitrothion were detected up to 10 days after spray (DAS) in bean, brinjal and cauliflower, while Malathion and Acephate could be detected at 5 and 15 DAS respectively. The detected quantities were above Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) up to 7 DAS for Quinalphos and Fenitrothion, 5 DAS for Diazinon, Cypermethrin and Acephate and 3 DAS for Malathion. Malathion degraded quickly as compared to other insecticides. Out of analyzed 225 samples of brinjal, cauliflower and bean collected from farmers field of Jessore, Gazipur and Rangpur, 37% were found to be contaminated with the insecticides. Most of the samples contained Cypermethrin, Acephate and Fenitrothion residues. Quinalphos, Acephate and Fenitrothion were found as multiple residue products representing 17% of the total contaminated samples and the rest 83% contained single insecticide residue. About 43% of the contaminated samples had residue above MRL irrespective of single or multiple residues. Malathion residue was found in two samples, one each in bean and cauliflower from Jessore region. Diazinon was detected in few samples from different locations in three vegetables. The detected residue levels of both Malathion and Diazinon were below the MRL, which might be due to higher rate of degradation.

Keywords: Pesticide, Insecticides, Vegetables

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

To analyze the insecticides and detection of their residues from vegetables

Methodology:

The research works were carried out in the field and in the pesticide analytical laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during 2006-2009 seasons on purity of thirty nine brands of six selected insecticides, their degradation and residue levels in cauliflower, bean and brinjal using suitable protocols developed for GC-FTD, GC-FID and GC-ECD. In both 2006-07 and 2007-08 seasons, among tested brands of Malathion only one brand (MTF) had 98.95-100% purity, which was standard product while other brands were 22-92% pure, which could be considered as substandard and impure products.

Source of Information: Ph D thesis of Md. Sultan Ahmed,Dept. of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Analysis of 39 brands of six selected insecticides collected from different local markets varied greatly in their purity showing below standard or impure in quality in majority of the products while one brand of each of Malathion, Diazinon, Acephate and Fenitrothion and three brands of Quinalphos and Cypermethrin were found with standard level (>90%) of purity. Detection of insecticide residue level in different vegetables indicated that Maximum Residue Limit up to 7 days after spraying (DAS) for Quinalphos and Fenitrothion, 5 DAS for Diazinon, Cypermethrin and Acephate and 3 DAS for Malathion. About 37% randomly collected environmental samples of brinjal, bean and cauliflower were found to be contaminated with insecticides of which 43% had residue level above MRL irrespective of single or multiple residues. The detected residue levels of both Malathion and Diazinon were below the MRL, which might be due to higher rate of degradation.

Knowledge Management: Thesis