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Intercropping of Sesbania Rostrata with T. Aman Rice and Their Economic Performance

K. Hossen
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. S. U. Bhuiya
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. Begum
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. J. Alam
M. S. Student
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. H. Rubel
M. S. Student
Department of Genetics and Pant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, from July to December 2010 to determine the effect of intercropping of Sesbania rostrata (Family-Leguminosae and sub-family Papilionaceae) with transplant aman rice cv. BR11 (Mukta) and their economic performance. The experiment consisted of eleven treatments viz. i) T₁ = Sole rice (25 cm x 15 cm), ii) T₂ = Sole Sesbania (25 cm x 15 cm), iii) T₃ = Rice + Sesbania (25 cm x 15 cm), iv) T₄ = Rice + Sesbania (25 cm x 20 cm) v) T₅ = Rice + Sesbania (25 cm x 25 cm) vi) T₆ = Rice + Sesbania (50 cm x 15 cm), vii) T₇ = Rice + Sesbania (50 cm x 20 cm), viii) T₈ = Rice + Sesbania (50 cm x 25 cm), ix) T₉ = Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 15 cm), x) T₁₀ = Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 20 cm) and xi) T₁₁ = Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 25 cm). Results showed that plant height (cm), number of total tillers hill^-1, number of effective tillers hill^-1, number of non-effective tillers hill^-1, length of panicle (cm), number of grains panicle^-1, number of sterile spiketlets panicle^-1, 1000 grain weight (g), grain yield (t ha^-1) and straw yield (t ha^-1) were significantly influenced due to intercropping of Sesbania under different spacing of Sesbania planting. The highest grain (5.11 t ha^-1) and straw (6.17 t ha^-1) yields of rice were obtained from sole rice. Spacing arrangement of Sesbania planting significantly affected the most of the yield and yield attributing characters of Sesbania rostrata. The highest seed yield (901.88 kg ha^-1) and stick yield (1201.25 kg ha^-1) were obtained from sole Sesbania cropping. Rice equivalent yield (7.01 tha^-1), gross return (Tk. 144758 ha^-1), net return (Tk. 110478 ha^-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.23) were the highest in the treatment T₁₁= Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 25 cm).

Keywords: Intercropping, Sesbania rostrata and T. Aman rice.

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-07-2010

End Date: 31-12-2010

Program Area: Farming System

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

a. To find out the effect of intercropping of Sesbania rostrata with T.Aman rice,

b. To observe the possibility of seed production of Sesbania rostrata through intercropping with T. Aman rice; and

c. To evaluate the economic performance of Sesbania rostrata- T. Aman rice intercropping system.

Methodology:

The experimental site was located at 24.75⁰ North latitude and 90.50⁰ East longitudes at an elevation of 18 m from the mean sea level. The experimental area was characterized by non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil belonging to the Sonatola Soil Series under the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (Agro-ecological Zone-9). Soil of the experimental field was more or less neutral with a pH value of 6.7, low in organic matter and fertility level. The land type was medium high with silty loam texture. The study area was under the sub-tropical climate, which was characterized by high temperature, high humidity and heavy rainfall during April to September and scanty rainfall associated with moderately low temperature from October to March. Spacing of Sesbania planting, T₁ = Sole rice (25 cm x 15 cm), T₂ = Sole Sesbania (25 cm x 15 cm), T₃ = Rice + Sesbania (25 cm x 15 cm), T₄ = Rice + Sesbania (25 cm x 20 cm), T₅ = Rice + Sesbania (25 cm x 25 cm), T₆ = Rice + Sesbania (50 cm x 15 cm), T₇ = Rice + Sesbania (50 cm x 20 cm), T₈ = Rice + Sesbania (50 cm x 25 cm), T₉ = Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 15 cm), T₁₀ = Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 20 cm), T₁₁= Rice + Sesbania (75 cm x 25 cm). Fifty centimeter long top cutting of Sesbania rostrata was planted in between the rows of rice. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Layout of the experiment was done on 15 July 2010 with inter-plot spacing of 1.0 m and inter-block spacing of 1.0 m. The size of each unit plot was 10 m² (4.0 m × 2.5 m) and the total number of plots was 33. The Sesbania top cuttings were planted in the respective plots according to lay out on 28 July 2010 after one days of transplanting of rice seedlings. Gap filling was done about 8 days of Sesbania rostrata planting. Two weeding were done in intercropped plots after 25 and 50 days of transplanting of rice seedlings. After one month of transplanting, rice was infested by stem borer and it was controlled by applying Basudin mixing with urea at the rate of 16 g plot^-1. Maturity of rice and Sesbania occurred at different times. Harvesting of Sesbania was done from 31 October to 15 November 2010 depending upon the maturity of plants. The rice was harvested at full maturity on 20 December 2010. The harvested Sesbania and rice were then dried, threshed and cleaned. Plot basis weight of Sesbania seeds, sticks and rice grain and straw were recorded.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. & Tech. 15 (1 &2): 165-172 (2011), ISSN 1029 - 8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results of the study, it can be concluded that within the nine spacing of Sesbania planting, the spacing “75 cm x 25 cm” showed the best performance. Rice equivalent yield, land equivalent ratio, gross return, net return and benefit cost ratio were also the highest at a spacing of 75 cm x 25 cm. From the present experiment it may be stated that spacing of 75 cm x 25 cm could be suggested to intercrop Sesbania rostrata with transplant aman rice as it did not affect the rice yield. Moreover, it gave higher rice equivalent yield, gross return, net return and benefit cost ratio. Therefore, for getting extra biomass as well as quality seed. Sesbania can be intercropped at a spacing of 75 cm x 25 cm with transplant aman rice without disturbing the rice yield. These findings, however, need to be further tested and evaluated at different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh to draw a valid conclusion.

Knowledge Management: Journal