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Grain Quality and Yield Potentials of Recently Released Wheat Varieties and Advanced Lines Under Different Soil Fertility

Dr. Md. Ataur Rahman
Principal Scientific Officer
Regional Wheat Research CentreBangladesh Agricultural Research InstituteGazipur 1701

Dr. N. C. D. Barma
CSO
Regional Wheat Research CentreBangladesh Agricultural Research InstituteGazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field trail was conducted in two locations, at Joydebpur and Rajshahi during 2010-11 wheat growing season to investigate the response of recently developed eight wheat varieties and lines under optimum and higher fertilizer level replicating thrice in split plot design. The experimental result showed that higher fertilizer increased wheat grain yield especially by increasing number of spikes/m². Prodip was found very much responsive to higher inputs producing highest yield under higher level of fertilizers. The average yield was maximum in BARI GOM 26 followed by BAW 1141 and Prodip. Among the advance lines line BAW 1141 was more responsive to added higher fertilizers with less lodging. Grain protein value of this line was also relatively higher followed by BARI GOM 25.

Keywords: Wheat yield potentials, Grain quality, Acheivable yield

Location: RWRC, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-11-2010

End Date: 30-07-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

Investigate the yield potentiality of newly develop wheat varieties and promising lines to explore the varietal potentiality in maximizing wheat yield. Study the effect of nutrient levels on grain quality and thereby assist wheat breeders in selecting varieties with higher yield potentials with better grain quality.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at BARI farm Gazipur during 2010-11 and 2011-12 wheat growing season. In this trial, the response of eight wheat genotype was examined at two levels of nutrient management. The fertilizer treatments (recommended NPKS fertilizer and recommended plus 25% additional fertilizer with 5 t/ha cow dung) were applied in main plots and eight wheat genotypes (Shatabdi, Prodip, Bijoy, BARI GOM 25, BARI GOM 26, BAW 1051, BAW 1135 and BAW 1141) were distributed in the sub plots. The size of each subplot was 5m X 2m. Fertilizers of N, P, K and S at the rates of 120, 30, 50 and 20 kg/ha were applied as urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, and gypsum, respectively, as the recommended rate of fertilizer. The crop was irrigated thrice to bring the soil moisture near to field capacity, during CRI, booting and grain filling stages. Weeds were controlled once at 30 DAS manually by hand weeding. The crops of all the plots were under intensive observation to record the accurate date of booting, heading, anthesis and maturity. During maturity crops were harvested duly and sun-dried to measured biomass. Then the dried crop was threshed and after threshing, the grains were dried in the atmosphere and grain yields were converted to t /ha at 12 % moisture content. To understand the treatment effect and genotypic variations in grain quality, wheat sample from all the plots were analyzed for protein, starch, fiber, ash and net dietary fiber (NDF %) content using near infrared analyzer (NIRA, DA 7200 Perten). All data were statistically analyzed and the mean value was tested by the least significant difference (LSD) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: WRC Annual Report 2010-11

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Significant genotypic variation were observed in response to fertilizer levels. The variety BARI GOM 26 produced the highest yield (5.46 t/ha) followed by BAW 1141, Prodip, Bijoy and Shatabdi under high fertility level. The highest yielded variety BARI GOM-26 is comparatively short in height causing no lodging under the higher fertilizer level. The variety Bijoy was taller having maximum spikes/m2 thus resulted the highest biomass production but under the higher level of fertilizer, the vigorous vegetative growth caused lodging but it produced the yield comparable to BAW 1141 under optimum fertilizer level. Higher fertilizer caused an average of 0.5% decline in grain protein content that was statistically non significant. Also a non-significant decline trend was observed for total fiber and ash content in wheat grains obtained from the plots receiving higher fertilizer. On the other hand starch content and net dietary fiber was significantly increased due to higher level of fertilizers. The protein content in grain is considered as one of the main factors for grain quality which was significantly varied for the varieties. Protein content was the highest (13.0%) in BARI GOM 25 followed by BAW 1141, BAW 1051 and Shatabdi. The advance line BAW 1141 contains 12.7% protein similar to BARI GOM 25 but higher than all other materials under the study. The line also produced second highest yield under recommended fertilizer and was responsive to added higher fertilizer with no lodging which demonstrate it relative higher potentials thus the line need to promote for variety.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings