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Development of Mass Screening Method Against Bakanae Disease

SAJ Quazi
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Dr. Md. Ansar Ali
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh

Dr. Tahmid Hossain Ansari
Principle Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Dr. MAT Mia
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Abul Monsur
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Significant variation among the concentrations of spore suspension was recorded. Higher percentage of bakanae infection was recognized with high concentration of spore suspension and vice versa. Irrespective of spore concentration, soaking periods influenced bakanae infection; disease infection increased with increasing spore concentration. The highest infection (98.21%) was associated with the highest soaking period of 120 hrs with highest concentration 1000 x 103 followed by 85.71% infection with 96 hrs soaking at the same highest concentration. In case of foot rot infection shoot length decreased severely and showed 41.14% and 37.15% decrease over control when soaked for 120 hrs and 96 hrs respectively with spore conc. 1000 x 103. On the other hand, when seeds were soaked with 1000 X 10³spore concentrations for 24 hours it also gave highest bakanae infection (60.17) followed by 500 X 10³(56.04) spore concentration for 24 hours. Therefore, 1000 x 10³ yielded higher infection in tissue paper method compared to 500 X 10³. The result showed that shoot length of infected seedlings were increased 3.9% compared to control when the seeds were soaked for 24 hrs. with spore concentration of 500 x 103. The shoot length decreased compared to control when seeds were soaked > 24 hours and in above spore concentration of 500 x 10³. Soil method versus tissue paper method: Tissue paper method (77.77%) performed better than soil inoculation method (42.85%) considering bakanae-infected seedlings.

Keywords: Mass screening, Bakanae disease, Artificial inoculation

Location: Plant Pathology Division, BRRI HQ

Start Date: 01-07-2010

End Date: 30-06-2011

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To identify an easy, rapid, efficient and reproducible method of artificial inoculation ensuring heavy disease pressure and a favorable environment for bakanae disease development.

Methodology:

Collection, purification and culture of F. moniliformae isolate: Bakanae infected plant sample was collected from farmers' field. Infected plants were cut into small pieces from stems where adventitious roots were initiated or mycelium was proliferated from infected nodes. The pieces were surface sterilized with a 10 % (v/v) ethanol and 2 % (v/v) NaClO₂ solution, washed with sterile water and air-dried. Then the samples were plated onto PDA and incubated at 25^oC day and 20^oC night temperature for 5-7 days until visible spore masses production. The spore masses were then washed in 10 ml distilled water and poured thinly on to water agar plate (WA) from which single typical F. moniliformae spore was identified according to Nelson et al. (1983) and transferred on to PDA plate. Plates were incubated 12 h photoperiod for 7-14 days for sporulation and filtrated through gauze. Standardization of spore concentration and seed soaking period in spore suspension: Four concentrations 0, 250 x 103, 500 x 103 and 1000 x103 spore per ml and 5 different time intervals of seed soaking 0, 24, 48, 96 and 120 hrs in spore suspension were used. Sprouted seeds were soaked in different concentrations of suspension at different time intervals in the Petri dishes and allowed for germination. Inoculated seedlings were transplanted on to puddle soil in plastic trays. The trays with different treatment were kept in green house condition (34±1⁰C). After 10 days, the trays were taken out from green house and kept in natural condition in field. Inoculation methods: Two inoculation methods spraying spore suspension in soil (soil inoculation method) and spraying spore suspension on tissue paper (tissue paper inoculation method) were used in this study. Two hundred seeds were used for inoculation for each treatment. A non-inoculated control treatment was also maintained. Soil inoculation method: Plastic trays were filled with homogenized fine grounded soil. Then the soil of the trays was inoculated with two different standardize concentrations of spore suspensions (500 x 10³ and 1000 x10³) until wet and fresh water as a control. Then the sprouted seeds were presoaked in two concentrations of spore suspension for 48 hours (standardized before). Thereafter, the sprouted/germinated seeds were placed on the trays contained soil inoculated with above mentioned two concentration of spore suspension. A little amount of inoculated soil was used to cover the seeds and kept in greenhouse condition for disease development. Tissue paper inoculation method: Plastic trays (28.5x18.5 cm) filled with homogenized puddle soil were used. Then two layers of tissue papers were used to cover the soil in the tray. The tissue paper was then wetted with spore suspension and presoaked seeds with two concentrations (500 x 10³ and 1000 x10³) were placed on tissue paper. A little amount of spore suspended soil with particular concentration was used to cover the seeds. In control trays only fresh tap water was sprayed. Then the trays were kept in greenhouse condition for disease development. Water management: Moisture level in the plastic trays was maintained at field capacity throughout the experimental period. Data collection: After 21 days of inoculation, the bakanae-infected seedlings were identified (which included the elongated plants, pale/slender plants, dwarf plants and dead plants) from which bakanae incidence were calculated. Plant heights of infected and healthy seedlings were taken at 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing (DAS) for each treatment. Data were analyzed using IRRISTAT (version 4.0).

Source of Information: Proceedings of BRRI Annual Internal Review for 2010-11

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings