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Soil and Foliar Application of Nitrogen for Boro Rice (brridhan 29)

Dr. Abu Zofar Md. Moslehuddin
Professor
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202Bangladesh

S. S. Alam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. R. Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. M. Kamal
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Boro season of 2008 with a view to examining the effect of soil and foliar application of urea on the yield and nutrient uptake of BRRIdhan 29 and to evaluate whether urea foliar application (FA) could replace its soil application (SA) in the rice cultivation. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight treatments, each treatment replicated thrice. The treatments were: T₁(control), T₂ (282 kg urea ha^{- 1} SA), T₃ (1% urea solution FA), T₄ (2% urea solution FA), T₅ (3% urea solution FA), T₆ (94 kg urea ha^-1 SA + 1% urea solution FA), T₇ (94 kg urea ha^-1 SA + 2% urea solution FA) and T₈ (94 kg urea ha^-1 SA + 3% urea solution FA). The results showed that soil and foliar application of nitrogen significantly influenced the growth and yield of crop. The treatment T2 (282 kg urea ha-1) produced the highest grain yield (5.34 t ha^-1). The T₆ (94 kg urea ha^-1+ 1% urea solution FA) produced the highest straw yield (6.58 t ha^-1) of the crop. The lowest grain yield (3.20 t ha^-1) and the lowest straw yield (4.19 t ha^-1) were recorded with T₁ (control). Economic analysis showed that treatment T₂ gave the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (7.65) while the lowest value (2.71) was observed with T₅ treatment. The overall results demonstrated that soil application of 282 kg urea ha^-1 was the best treatment for obtaining higher grain yield, higher nitrogen content of rice and higher marginal benefit cost ratio, and soil application is better than foliar application of urea.

Keywords: Urea, Nitrogen, Foliar application, Soil, Boro

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

i) To identify the effect of soil and foliar application of urea on BRRIdhan 29.

ii) To evaluating the effect of foliar and soil application of urea-N on the yield and nutrient uptake of BRRIdhan 29.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Boro season of 2009 with a view to evaluating the effect of foliar and soil application of urea-N on the yield and nutrient uptake of BRRIdhan 29. The soil belongs to the Sonatala soil series under the AEZ of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain. The soil was silty loam in texture having pH 6.8, organic matter content 1.82%, total N 0.096%, available P 8.0 ppm, exchangeable K 0.12 me/100 g soil and available S 13.0 ppm. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments combinations were: T₁(control), T₂ (282 kg urea ha^-1SA), T₃ (1% urea solution FA), T₄(2% urea solution FA), T₅ (3% urea solution FA), T₆ (94 kg urea ha^-1 SA + 1% urea solution FA), T₇(94 kg urea ha^-1 SA + 2% urea solution FA), T₈(94 kg urea ha^-1 SA + 3% urea solution FA) where as SA means soil application and FA means foliar application. The amounts of urea applied were: 0, 282, 100, 200, 300, 169, 244, 319 kg ha^-1, respectively. The total number of unit plots was 24 and the size of unit plot was 4m × 2.5m. Full doses of P, K and S were applied to soil as basal @ 26, 60 and 10 kg ha^-1, respectively, during final land preparation. In T₂, urea @ 282 kg ha^-1 was applied in 3 equal splits at 10, 30 and 55 DAT. For T₃, T₄ and T₅ treatments, foliar urea was applied at 10 days after transplanting for the 1^sttime, then at 15-day intervals for the 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th times. For T₆, T₇ and T₈ treatments, 94 kg urea was applied after 10 DAT, followed by three sprays at 15-day intervals. In each case of foliar spray, 2.5 L of urea solution was applied in 10 m² plot (2500 L ha^-1). Forty days old seedlings were transplanted in the experimental plots with three seedlings hill^-1 with plant spacing of 15 cm × 20 cm. Intercultural operations were done whenever required. At maturity, the crop was harvested. Grain yield was recorded on 14% moisture basis and straw yield on sun-dry basis. The grain and straw samples were analyzed for nitrogen concentration. The nitrogen uptake was calculated from the N concentration and yield data. All the data were statistically analyzed by F-test and the mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 199–202, 2010, ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The application of 282 kg urea ha ^-1 is the best treatment in terms of both obtaining higher grain yield and economic performance. The results of the study also indicate that soil application is better than foliar application. However, further investigation is necessary to draw a definite conclusion.

Knowledge Management: Journal, Report/Proceedings