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Effect of Seed Rate on Growth Behaviour, Nodulation Pattern and Biomass Yield of Green Manure Crops

M.Y.A. Pramanik
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A. R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

G.M. Faruk
Department of Agriculture Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M.S. Islam
OFRD, Barind Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from 3 April 2004 to 18 June 2004 to investigate the effect of seed rate on plant height, nodulation and biomass yield of green manure (GM) crops. The experiment consisted of seven green manure species viz. Sesbania rostrata, Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea, Vigna unguiculata, Phaseolus mungo, Vigna radiata and Glycine max, and three seed rates viz. low (100%), medium (150%) and high (200%) of the recommended rate of individual green manure crops. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seed rate had significant influence on growth behaviour and nodulation of green manure crops. Different green manure crops showed a gross variation of growth behaviour during the experimental period. The highest plant height (98.46 cm) and number of nodules plant^-1 (27.47) were observed with the lowest seed rate. The shortest plant (94.78 cm) and the lowest number of nodules plant^-1 (23.42) were obtained with the highest seed rate. On the other hand, the highest biomass (13.18 t ha^-1) yield was observed with the highest seed rate and the lowest biomass yield (11.87 t ha^-1) was observed with the lowest seed rate. It can be concluded that higher seed rate produced higher biomass yield and lower seed rate produced higher number of nodules plant^-1. Among the species used in the study, Sesbania rostrata, Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea and Phaseolus mungo emerged as the promising green manure crops in terms of nodulation and biomass production.

Keywords: Green manure, Seed rate, Growth, Nodulation, Biomass.

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 03-04-2004

End Date: 18-06-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Manures

Objectives:

To study the effect of seed rate on growth, biomass production and nodulation of green manure crops.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from 3 April 2004 to 18 June 2004 to investigate the effect of seed rate on plant height, biomass yield and nodulation of green manure crops. The experiment consisted of seven green manure species viz. Sesbania rostrata, Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea, Vigna unguiculata, Phaseolus mungo, Vigna radiata and Glycine max, and three seed rates viz. low, medium and high as mentioned below.

Green manure crops	Seed rate (kg ha^-1)
Green manure crops	Low (100%)	Medium (150%)	High (200%)
Sesbania rostrata	50	75	100
Sesbania aculeate	40	60	80
Crotalaria juncea	40	60	80
Vigna unguiculata	50	75	100
Phaseolus mungo	60	90	120
Vigna radiata	40	60	80
Glycine max	80	120	160

Seed rates of different green manure species mentioned in column 1 of the above Table have been taken as per recommendation of Evans and Rotar (1986) and Venkateshwarlu and Ahlawat (1993). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4.0 m ´ 2.5 m.

The land was prepared by a power-tiller with several ploughings and cross ploughings followed by laddering to level the land. Weeds and other plant residues were collected and removed from the field. At final land preparation N, P, K and S at the rate of 10, 18, 26 and 12 kg ha^–1 were applied in the form of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively. Seeds of green manure species were sown on 3 April 2001 in all unit plots according to treatment specification. Five plants were randomly selected in each plot for each destructive sampling to record the data on plant height, fresh biomass and number of nodules plant^-1 at 15 day intervals beginning from 30 days after sowing (DAS) up to 75 DAS. Collected fresh samples were oven dried in an electrical oven at 65⁰C for 72 hours to record the dry biomass yield. Central five square meter area in each plot was harvested to record the fresh biomass yield plot^-1, which was converted to ton ha^-1. The recorded data were compiled and tabulated for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was done with the help of the computer package M-STAT. Means were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. & Tech. 12(2): 197–202 (2008), ISSN 1029-8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Different green manure crops showed a gross variation of growth behaviour during the experimental period. The highest plant height (98.46 cm) and number of nodules plant^-1 (27.47) were observed with the lowest seed rate. The shortest plant (94.78 cm) and the lowest number of nodules plant^-1 (23.42) were obtained with the highest seed rate. On the other hand, the highest biomass (13.18 t ha^-1) yield was observed with the highest seed rate and the lowest biomass yield (11.87 t ha^-1) was observed with the lowest seed rate. It can be concluded that higher seed rate produced higher biomass yield and lower seed rate produced higher number of nodules plant^-1. Among the species used in the study, Sesbania rostrata, Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea and Phaseolus mungo emerged as the promising green manure crops in terms of nodulation and biomass production.

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