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Studies on the Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato (ipomoea Batatas Poir) as Influenced by Variety and Time of Harvest

M. M. A. Jahan
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

A. K. M. A. Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. Siddique
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Yield contributing characters, yields, size and shape of the tuberous roots varied widely among the varieties and harvest dates. The varieties exhibited wide variation in vine length and number of vines per plant. The maximum length of tuber was recorded in Daulatpuri (14.44 cm). The maximum (4.36 cm) and minimum (3.35 cm) diameter of tuber were found in the varieties BARI Mistialu-4 and Daulatpuri, respectively. The shape of BARI Mistialu-4 tubers was found most regular whereas, it as the most irregular in Daulatpuri. The variety BARI Mistialu-4 gave the highest yield of tubers (40.10 t/ha) when harvested at 110 DAP, whereas Daulatpuri gave the lowest yield (7.03 t/ha) when harvested at 110 DAP. In both early (110 DAP) and late (170 DAP) harvest, BARI Mistialu-4 gave the highest yield.

Keywords: Sweet potato, Variety, Harvest time, Yield

Location: Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-05-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Flood, Sweet potato

Objectives:

1. To select suitable sweet potato varieties for cultivation in Bangladesh and

2. To determine the effect of harvest time on their growth and yield.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during November 2000 to May 2001. Vine cuttings of three improved sweet potato varieties namely, Daulatpuri (V₁), BARI Mistialu-4 (V₂) and BARI Mistialu-5 (V₃) were used as planting materials. The vines were collected from the Tuber Crops Research Centre (TCRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. Thirty-centimeter long cuttings with 3-4 nodes were used for planting. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments were three varieties (V₁>V₂ and V₃) and four dates of harvest (Harvest at 110 days after planting= H₁, Harvest at 130 days after planting-H₂, Harvest at 150 days after planting= H₃ and Harvest at 170 days after planting= H₄). There were thus 12 (3 varieties x 4 harvest time) treatment combinations. The experimental materials were planted in 3 x 2.4 m unit plots using row to row spacing of 60 cm and plant to plant spacing of 30 cm. The planting was done on 23 November 2000. Manures and fertilizers were applied as per recommendation of BARI (1998) for the production of the crop. Cowdung was applied at the time of initial land preparation and the entire quantity of TSP and MP was applied in the unit plots before planting of vines. Urea was top dressed in two installments after 15 and 30 days of planting. Recommended intercultural operations were done during raising of the crop. Data were collected on different yield contributing characters and yield. The plants of the outer two rows and the extreme ends of the middle rows were excluded from the random selection of plants to avoid the border effect. Growth data (vine length and vines/plant) was recorded from the selected plants at 15 days interval, which was started from 45 days after planting and continued up to harvest. Ten plants were randomly selected from each plot to record data on the following characters, namely vine length, number of vines/plant, weight of vine per plant, number of tubers per plant, weight of tubers per plant, weight of tuber per plot, length of tuber, diameter of tuber, % dry matter of tuber and yield of tuber (t/ha). The data obtained for different yield components and yields were statistically analyzed using standard statistical procedures.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2(1): 70-76 (2004) A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation ISSN 1729-5211

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The sweet potato varieties and harvest time under study exhibited remarkable variation in respect of weight of vine per plant, weight of tuber per plant, length of tuber, diameter of tuber, % dry matter of tuber, distribution of tubers in different sizes (by % in number and by weight t/ha), regularity in shape, texture of flesh and yield of tubers per unit area. There was no significant variation among the varieties or harvest, time in respect of number of tubers per plant. BARI Mistialu-5 produced the longest vine, while Daulatpuri produced the shortest vine. The variety BARI Mistialu-4 produced the highest number of tubers per plant. The highest number of large tubers was found in cv BARI Mistialu-4, and the highest number of small tubers was found in cv. Daulatpuri. The tubers of BARI Mistialu-4 were most regular in shape, whereas, Daulatpuri had the most irregular shaped tubers. The highest number of irregular tubers was observed in 110 DAP, and the highest number of regular tubers was found at 150 DAP. In the present study the yield of sweet potato tubers differed widely among the varieties and harvest time. The variety BARI Mistialu-4 yielded the highest amount of tubers (29.73 t/ha) when harvested at 150 DAP.

Knowledge Management: Journal