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Hardwood Kraft Pulp Yield Improvements with the Addition of 2-methylanthraquinone Maq.

Dr. Daisy Biswas
Divisional Officer
Pulp and Paper Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Sholashahar, P.O.- Amin Jute Mills Chittagong-4211.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A continuous decline in wood resources has prompted researchers to try various additives in existing pulping processes for fiber yield improvement. Many studies have been conducted in the past aimed at improving kraft pulp yield with the use of additives in the cooking liquor. In this study, the effects of anthraquinone (AQ) and 2-methylanthraquinone (MAQ) on the pulp yield of kadam (Anthocephalus chinensis) were investigated. Three different active alkali doses (14, 16 and 19% as NaOH) along with 0.1% of AQ or MAQ on chips were used to obtain various levels of delignification of the hardwood. Addition of AQ or MAQ improved the pulp yield (1.0 – 3.0%) and the selectivity ratio (lignin vs. carbohydrate removal) as compared to normal kraft. The viscosities and the physical strength properties of the pulps with kappa numbers 16-19 were comparable to kraft although there was a minor decrease in tensile strength for the kraft/MAQ pulp.

Keywords: Alkaline pulping; Anthraquinone; 2-methylanthraquinone; Hardwoods; Strength properties

Location: Pulp and Paper Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong

Start Date: 01-07-2006

End Date: 30-06-2008

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Tree

Objectives:

To explore newer methods for production of better quality pulp.

Methodology:

Kraft is a dominant chemical pulping process used for the production of pulp fibers from various lignocellulosic materials. The reasons for its wide acceptability are: i) superior pulp quality; ii) an efficient chemical recovery system and iii) suitability for almost all biomasses. During kraft pulping a significant amount of carbohydrates are removed along with lignin, thus decreasing pulp yield. Normal kraft pulp yield lies between 45-50% for hardwoods (based on initial chip mass - oven dried basis). Yield improvement is constantly being sought due to a continuous decline in wood resources in many regions of the world. In Bangladesh, many pulping studies have been done to see the effect of AQ both on locally available hardwoods and on non-wood fibers . All the studies showed encouraging results with higher yields and comparable strength properties to the conventional kraft. However, there is no study on the effect of MAQ on kraft pulp yield and the strength properties of the resultant pulp. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of MAQ addition in alkaline pulping of kadam (Anthocephalus chinensis), a hardwood species abundantly used alone or in mixture with bamboo at the Karnaphuli Paper Mills, Chittagong, Bangladesh. The mill was interested in improving its pulp yield and we are now reporting on the effect of AQ and MAQ addition to kraft pulping of kadam.

Source of Information: Report

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 150000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 150000

Achievement/Findings:

Addition of AQ and MAQ to kraft cooking increased the pulp yield and decreased the kappa number when 16% or 19% active alkali were used. The percent yield gain was slightly higher with AQ compared to MAQ. MAQ addition also improves pulp yield but there appears to be a minor loss of strength.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings