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Determination of Genetic Diversity in Lentil Germplasm Based on Quantitative Traits

Snigdha Roy
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding division, BINA, BAU campus,Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic diversity present in a gene pool is an important determination for breeding programs and characterization is useful of building crop plant collections primarily based on the knowledge of the presence of valuable genes and traits. In Bangladesh, one of the most common problems in lentil is the narrow genetic base, which must be broadened to enhance production. So, a detailed morphological study based on quantitative traits was under taken to assess the genetic diversity in 110 lentil germplasm, including landraces, popular varieties, phenologically adapted exotic lines and selected advanced lines of lentil of diverse origin. The main aim was to identify superior genotypes to be used for future breeding program in Bangladesh. The experiments were carried out during 2006-07 and 2007-08 and eight quantitative characters were studied under international standard of characterization. The UPGMA dendrogram segregated lentil accessions into six clusters. Genotypes fell in different clusters irrespective of their origin and accessions. The accession from ICARDA gene bank showed high diversity. Group B3, B4 and F were important as they comprised accessions with higher yield per plant, higher number of pods per plant and higher number of seeds per pod separated by higher inter cluster distance, which warrant their use in the breeding program.

Keywords: Determination, Diversity, lentil

Location: BINA sub-station farms at Ishurdi and Magura

Start Date: 01-11-2006

End Date: 31-12-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Lentil

Objectives:

The study was undertaken to access and evaluate the genetic diversity in lentil germplasm collected from diverse origin on the basis of quantitative traits and to identify superior genotypes for future use

Methodology:

The present study was comprised of 110 landraces, popular varieties, phenologically adapted exotic lines and selected advanced lines of lentil of diverse origin. The fifty one accessions were selected from the collection of ICARDA germplasm bank and the others were provided by Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh and BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh included released popular cultivars and selected advanced lines. Experimental site and design, cultural management and data recording The experiments were conducted at the farms of BINA sub-stations at Ishurdi and Magura, representative lentil growing areas of Bangladesh in two consecutive years 2006-07 and 2007-08, which is situated between 24.01º N latitude and 89.55º E longitude. Urea, muriate of potash and triple super phosphate were applied during land preparation at 32, 77 and 32 kg ha^-1, respectively. The experiments were carried out following an Alpha lattice design with three replicates. Unit plot size was 2 m × 0.6 m. Row to row and plant to plant distances were 30 and 6-8 cm, respectively. Seeds were sown on 9 November 2006 and 12 November 2007 at Ishurdi and on 10 November 2006 and 13 November 2007 at Magura for two consecutive years 2006-07 and 2007-08, respectively. Intercultural operations were done when necessary for proper growth and development of the plants. Data were recorded in two consecutive years following Bioversity International and ICARDA guidelines on days to first flower, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches and pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. Statistical Analysis All analysis were done using SAS software (SAS, 2003). The analysis of variance for all eight quantitative characters was done using data for individual and based on combined data (two locations and two years). Diversity analysis was done for UPGMA for combined data. 20

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Achievement/Findings:

Genotypes divided into different clusters irrespective of their origin. Accessions from ICARDA gene bank showed high genetic diversity. Group B₃, B₄ and F were important because they comprised of accessions with high yield per plant, high pods per plant and high number of seeds per pod separated by high inter cluster distance. This implies a great potential for breeding programmes through hybridization or direct used as variety for successful lentil production in Bangladesh

Knowledge Management: Journal