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Efficacy of Medicinal in Fish Health Management in Comparison to Chemotherapeutics

Mr. Md. Zahirul Haque
Senior Scientific Officer
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Dr. Masud Hossain Khan
Scientific Officer
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The fungal fish pathogens, Aphanomycesinvadans and Achlya sp. were isolated from diseased Cirrhinus mrigala and Saprolegnia sp. from the diseased Labeo rohita. The effects of 25 medicinal plants were tested on those fungal pathogens and the different parts of the medicinal plants were used in the treatment. In expensive botanical medicine Kali jira found more effective than Hortoki and Tatal. Again, Dabdaru and DulKalmi were found more effective in low-cost medicinal plants. Turmeric rhizome performed better than shoti and Ada. There are some medicinal properties of Kanta Bash (immature stem/ shoot) to control the fish fungal pathogen. But in aquatic medicinal plants, only biskatali has medicinal properties to control this three fish fungal pathogen. Collecting extract or making past of dry parts of medicinal plants, the soaking for whole night or boiling for 30 minutes were used. Soaking system is more effective. Soaked tobacco dry leaves is highly effective to control the fungal fish pathogens. But boiled Taj pata and Cha pata has no effect. The 0.2 g/l of alum is highly effective on these 3 fungal pathogens to stop the growth. At concentration of 0.5 g/l of alum silver barb survived more than 5 days without any abnormality.

Keywords: Efficacy, Medicinal plant, Fish health management, Chemotherapeutics

Location: Freshwater Station, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2006

End Date: 30-06-2007

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

1. To identify the potential medicinal plants against bacterial and fungal pathogen causing diseases of fishes; screening of most effective medicinal plants to specific fish pathogens for further systemic study;

2. To identify the potential medicinal plants against fungal pathogen causing diseases of fishes; and a mini botanical garden (with pond) will be initiated for useful medicinal plants especially aquatic plants for future use.

Methodology:

Various indigenous plants of different origin and source traditionally known to have medicinal effects were collected and preserved in the laboratory. The crude extracts of the medicinal plants with different parts was collected in distilled water with the help of manual grinder and electric blender. The LD₅₀ of preserved plants extract on experimental fish was determined. The value of LD₅₀ was calculated with satisfactory confidence level. Pathogenic bacterial and fungal virulent isolates were collected using conventional laboratory procedures. The identified bacteria and fungus were cultured and stocked in separate media in the laboratory. Efficacy test of the extracts collected from different medicinal plants by applying the same on the culture of the selected virulent bacterial (Aermonas sp. Pseudomonas sp and Edwardsiella sp.) and fungal (Saprolegnia sp., Aphanomyces sp. and Achlys sp.) fish pathogens under in vitro condition. The effective medicinal plants were selected and graded on their in vitro performance against the pathogens.

Source of Information: Annual Research Program 2006-07. BFRI, Mymensingh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: Four lakh

Total Budget (Tk.) : Four lakh

Achievement/Findings:

Fish disease treatment is becoming complicated due to the emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogen and use of human health hazardous drugs. The use of medicinal plants for fish health management should help to avoid the adverse effect of antibiotics and chemicals drugs in aquaculture. The environment friendly protocol should solve the problems in the fish health management system.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings