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Evaluation of New Crop Establishment Techniques for Crop Diversification, Resource Conservation and High Profits.

Akhter Hossain Khan
Principal Scientific Officer
Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Early harvesting of potato facilitated the early establishment of two crops, which might contributed to the higher yields of two crops. Though crop establishment techniques did not influence yields of mungbean and sweet-gourd, there was tendency of producing, on an average, 7 and 12% higher yields by raised bed, respectively. Crop establishment techniques had significant effect on grain yields of T. Aman. Flat planting (conventional) produced significantly higher grain yield compared to raised bed. The low yield of raised was attributed to high weed infestation and poor growth. Total gross margin produced by Wheat-Mungbean-T. Aman, Wheat-Sweet gourd-T. Aman, Potato-Mungbean-T. Aman, Potato-Sweet gourd-T. Aman and Maize-Fallow-T. Aman cropping patterns under raised beds were 87, 93, 37, 28 and 22% higher than those of obtained by each pattern for flats.

Keywords: Bed system, Crop establishment, Agro-economic productivity

Location: Chuadanga

Start Date: 01-07-2003

End Date: 30-06-2004

Program Area: Farming System

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

Compare the agro-economic productivity of different cropping patterns with new crop establishment techniques on soil physico-chemical properties for different cropping patterns under new crops establishment techniques (INM),
Assess the nutrient and water use efficiencies for different cropping patterns under new crop establishment techniques (IWM & INM),
Assess the impact of new crop establishment techniques on insect and disease infestation on different cropping patterns (IPM) and
Determine the economic implication and social acceptance of new crop establishment techniques (Socio-economic & policy).

Methodology:

The study has been conducted in six dispersed farmers’ fields each of which is treated as one replication in RCB design. Five different cropping patterns, Wheat-Mungbean-Rice, Wheat-Sweet gourd-Rice, Potato-Mungbean-Rice, Potato-Sweet gourd-Rice and Maize-Fallow-Rice have been studied under two crop establishment techniques, raised bed and flat plantings. In case of raised bed, alternate furrows and beds were made using bed makers. Bed height is 15 cm, width 37 cm on the top of bed and furrow width is 30 cm. The study with new crop establishment technique was continued up to 2003 T. Aman season. Management adopted for Aman rice, mungbean and sweet gourd are as per recommendation.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review for 2003-04

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The preceding crops, potato and wheat affected yields of sweet gourd and mungbean. Irrespective of crop establishment techniques, yields produced by mungbean and sweet-gourd after potato were significantly higher than that of after wheat. Though crop establishment techniques did not influence yields of mungbean and sweet-gourd, there was tendency of producing, on an average, 7 and 12% higher yields by raised bed, respectively. Crop establishment techniques had significant effect on grain yields of T. Aman. Flat planting produced significantly higher grain yield compared to raised bed. The low yield of raised was attributed to high weed infestation and poor growth. Total gross margins obtained for different cropping patterns under raised beds are higher compared to flat. The total variable costs for flat were higher which were incurred particularly for land preparation and irrigation. For raised bed planting land preparation cost is absent and irrigation cost is about 27% less, which lowered the cost of production. Besides, gross returns received from non-rice crops under raised beds were more due to higher yields, which further contributed to produce high gross margins over flat practice. Total gross margin produced by Wheat-Mungbean-T. Aman, Wheat-Sweet gourd-T. Aman, Potato-Mungbean-T. Aman, Potato-Sweet gourd-T. Aman and Maize-Fallow-T. Aman cropping patterns under raised beds were 87, 93, 37, 28 and 22% higher than those of obtained by each pattern for flats. Data reveal that raised bed planting would be contributing to improving the economic advantage over the conventional practice. Irrigation water was measured by V-notch. Water savings were more for raised beds over conventional practice and savings for different crops ranged from 25 to 30%. The results indicate that raised bed planting saved, on an average, 27% of irrigation water and produced higher gross margins though Aman rice yielded less compared to conventional practice.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings