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Effects of Industrial Wastewater Reuse for Crop Production: a Case Study in Tejgaon Metropolitan Area of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mr. S. Roy
MS Fellow
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was carried out to identify the benefits, adverse effects, social acceptance and a long term impacts of industrial wastewater reuse in the Tejgaon metropolitan area of Dhaka city. Questionnaire surveys were conducted in the exposed and control sites to collect data on the farmers’ perception and responses regarding agricultural, economic, social and environmental health issues. The most important benefits of wastewater reuse have been found as the availability of wastewater over all seasons and economic return from reduced chemical fertilizer requirement in vegetable field. The potential risks of wastewater reuse have been found as the increased insect attacks, diseases and excessive weed problem. Farmer mentioned that long term exposure of this water stimulates crop growth rapidly but it reduces grain production dramatically. Sometimes excess wastewater used for irrigation or short-term water logging in the area eventually leads to crop damage. Interviews with the key factors indicate that a long term institutional arrangement for sustainable reuse of wastewater is not beneficial in the region.

Keywords: Waste water, Reuse, Crop production, Tejgaon metropolitan area

Location: Dhaka

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To identify the benefits, adverse effects, social acceptance and a long term impacts of industrial wastewater reuse in the Tejgaon metropolitan area of Dhaka city

Methodology:

Tejgaon metropolitan area is one of the exceptional areas of capital Dhaka city where waste water from Tejgaon industrial facilities are mostly used for irrigation(Annual bulletin Tejgaon Upazila, 2003). This area is located from 23.75⁰N to 89.39⁰ E that occupies approximately 8.75 km² (Annual bulletin Tejgaon Upazila, 2003). There are 42,445 farmers from 32 blocks out of 40 blocks or 17 unions, developed life belongs to the Begunbari canal, Narai canel and Balu River (20 km) . Total agricultural land 7294 hectors (Annual bulletin Tejgaon Upazila, 2003). Average temperature is nearly 24.94 ⁰C in Boro/ winter season and 30.23 ⁰C in kharip/ summer season. Mean annual rainfall 200 mm (Annual bulletin Tejgaon Upazila, 2003).Opportunity and adverse impacts of wastewater were evaluated by applying an integrated research method. Questionnaire survey with different techniques was applied to complete the study. Exposed and control site approach were applied in this current study. Only some part of Uttar khan union was identified as a control site (site where clean water source is used for agricultural purposes by the farmers) and remaining most of the part is wastewater exposed site where farmers use wastewater extensively for crop irrigation The data were collected by reconnaissance filed survey, questionnaire survey and the institutional survey and also by the help of published statistical data from different books, articles and organizations such as Upazila Agriculture Extension Office. A total of 480 respondents were randomly selected for questionnaire survey. Each respondent was selected from individual farmers’ family and 15 respondents were randomly selected from each block for well representation of whole study area. The survey was carried out during the 2011-2012 Boro season. Before the questionnaire survey at least 10 sample questionnaires were pre-tasted. A non structural institutional questionnaire survey was also conducted to evaluate the feasibility of an institution for long term benefits and impacts of wastewater reuse.The collected data were than complied and analyzed using analytical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 183–188, 2013, ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study suggests that, farmer’s first impression when goes towards the fertilizer cost savings but many of them have no idea about the toxicity of waste water irrigation and how it can bring about their economic losses. The waste water of the area increased pesticide cost and potential impact of weed problem. It increased the growth of crop but reduced the grain yields and delayed its maturities. Waste water also increased crop diseases and soil pollution. However, the waste water reuse does not bring green environment and well socioeconomic condition and so we should have to focus on a sustainable management procedure.

Knowledge Management: Journal