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Investigation on Fish Health and Diseases in Rural Pond Aquaculture in Three Districts of Bangladesh

Md. M. Hasan
MS Fellow
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

M. A. K. Azad
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh

I. Z. Anka
ChittagongVeterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong

M. A. R. Faruk
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to know the culture strategies and fish health and disease problems in pond aquaculture in Mymensingh, Bogra and Pabna districts of Bangladesh. Questionnaire interview and participatory rural appraisal tools like focus group discussion (FGD) were conducted with selected fish farmers. In total 90 farmers were interviewed and 9 FGD sessions were conducted. Most of the respondents practiced carp and pangas polyculture and they had disease problems in their ponds. Prevalence of fish disease varied with cultured species and locations. The most prevalent diseases as reported by the farmers were pop eye (57.78%), ventral reddening (55.55%), tail and fin rot (48.89), hemorrhagic lesion over the body surface (45.56%), dropsy (40%), gill rot (40%), white spot (40%) and epizootic ulcerative syndrome or EUS (33.33%). According to farmers opinion most susceptible species to disease was silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (57.78%); followed by mrigal, Cirrhinus cirrhosus (50%); catla, Catla catla (47.78%); sarputi, Barbodes gonionotus (47.78%); rui, Labio rohita (42.22%) and pangas, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (42.22%). Higher mortality was found in pangas (53.56%). Clinically, pangas, koi and sarputi were found severely affected. Most of the farmers used some treatment measures against disease problems. This study also highlited some fish health management problems in pond aquaculture. Further studies should include identification and characterization of pathogens involved in different types of diseases in pond aquaculture.

Keywords: Fish health, Diseases, Pond, Aquaculture

Location: Mymensingh,Pabna and Bogra

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To know the culture strategies and fish health and disease problems in pond aquaculture in Mymensingh, Bogra and Pabna districts of Bangladesh

Methodology:

The study focused on three districts namely Mymensingh, Pabna and Bogra of Bangladesh. Data were collected through questionnaire interview and participatory rural appraisal like focus group discussion (FGD) with rural pond fish farmers. For questionnaire survey a set of preliminary questionnaire based on the objectives of the study was prepared. The questionnaire focused mainly on the status of fish farming systems, pond preparation, stocking and pond management, culture species, diseases prevalence, clinical signs, affected species and season, farmer’s ability to diagnose disease, fish disease prevention and treatment, health management practices and problems. The questionnaire was composed of both closed and open form of questions. The preliminary questionnaire was tested twice at the field level with few farmers and based on the response, the final set questionnaire was prepared. For the interview, random stratified sampling method was followed. A total of 90 fish farmers (30 farmers from each district) from three districts were interviewed using the questionnaire. The questionnaire was semi-structured and participatory approaches were used all through. Qualitative data was collected through FGD. Nine FGD sessions in three districts were conducted to get an overview of issues fish disease and health management strategies by the farmers. Each group size was between 6 and 12 farmers. Cross check interviews were conducted with key informants. In addition, health condition of fish was also examined clinically by sampling from different ponds in Mymensingh area.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 377–384, 2013 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Aquaculture activities in Bangladesh are predominantly pond based. The present study provided valuable information regarding fish disease problems in rural pond aquaculture. All the infectious diseases reported here by the farmers could not be confirmed by laboratory study. It would have been better if laboratory diagnosis could be performed to identify and characterize the pathogens involved in different types of diseases. Also, there is a need to train farmers on simple diagnostic procedure and effective therapy. It is also important to establish fish disease diagnostic clinic to provide assistance to farmers on fish health management.

Knowledge Management: Journal