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Organic and Inorganic Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Soybean

Dr. Md. A. H. Chowdhury
Professor
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers can play an important role for increasing yield and quality of soybean. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at Genetics and Plant Breeding farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University from July to November, 2011 to evaluate the effect of cowdung and poultry manure with chemical fertilizer on the yield and quality of soybean cv. BINA soybean-2. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design having 9 treatments viz. control (CT), 100% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (RDCF₁₀₀_%), 50% RDCF (RDCF₅₀_%), cowdung 10 t ha^-1 (CD₁₀_{t ha}^-1), 50% RDCF + CD 5 t ha^-1 (RDCF₅₀_% + CD₅_{t ha}^-1), 75% RDCF + CD 3 t ha^-1 (RDCF₇₅_% + CD_{3 t ha}^-1), poultry manure 3 t ha^-1 (PM₃_{t ha}^-1), 50% RDCF + PM 1.5 t ha^-1 (RDCF₅₀_% + PM_{1.5 t ha}^-1) and 75% RDCF + PM 1 t ha^-1 (RDCF₇₅_% + PM₁_{t ha}^-1) with 3 replications. All the treatments significantly influenced the yield, yield attributing parameters and protein content except oil content of BINA soybean-2. The highest plant height, yield, branches plant^-1, filled pods plant^-1, grain plant^-1and 100-grain wt. were found in RDCF₁₀₀_%, which were statistically identical with RDCF₇₅_%+PM₁_{t ha}^-1 and RDCF₇₅_%+CD₃_{t ha}^-1 and the lowest values of all the parameters were obtained from control treatment. The maximum protein content was observed in RDCF₁₀₀_%, which was identical to RDCF₇₅_%+PM₁_{t ha}^-1 and RDCF₇₅_%+CD₃_{t ha}^-1 and the lowest value was found in control.

Keywords: Soybean, Organic and inorganic fertilizers, Yield, Protein, Oil contents

Location: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-11-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

The study was conducted to find out the suitable combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers in order to obtain better yield and quality of soybean cv. BINA soybean -2.

Methodology:

A field study was carried out at the experimental farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November, 2011. Initial soil sample was collected and kept in a polyethylene bag for chemical analysis. The soil was anal Following the standard methods (Page et al., 1982). The soil was silt loam in texture having pH 6.72 with 0.34% organic carbon, 0.09% N, 19.67 µg g^-1 P, 4.38 µg g^-1S and 0.17 cmol kg^-1 K. Seeds were collected from the BINA, Mymensingh. There were 9 treatment combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers viz. control (CT), 100% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (RDCF₁₀₀_%), 50% RDCF (RDCF₅₀_%), cowdung 10 t ha^-1 (CD₁₀_{t ha}^-1), 50% RDCF + CD 5 t ha^-1 (RDCF₅₀_% + CD₅_{t ha}^-1), 75% RDCF + CD 3 t ha^-1 (RDCF₇₅_% + CD_{3 t ha}^-1), poultry manure 3 t ha^-1 (PM₃_{t ha}^-1), 50% RDCF + PM 1.5 t ha^-1 (RDCF₅₀_% + PM_{1.5 t ha}^-1) and 75% RDCF + PM 1 t ha^-1 (RDCF₇₅_% + PM₁_{t ha}^-1). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4.0 m × 2.5 m. The treatments were randomly distributed. At the time of final land preparation, the land was fertilized at rates of 55, 160, 110 and 97 kg ha^‑1 of urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively. Cowdung and poultry manure was also used @ 10 and 3 t ha^-1, respectively. Seeds were sown on 27 July, 2011. Weeding, gap filling, thinning, irrigation and pesticide application were done as and when necessary. Finally, plants were harvested and data on yield and yield contributing parameters were collected from crop samples. Grain yield and straw yield altogether were considered as biological yield. Harvest index denotes the ratio of grain yield to biological yield multiplied by 100. The percentage of protein in seeds was calculated by multiplying the value of N by a factor 6.25 (Morrison, 1956). The oil content of soybean seed was determined by Floch method (Floch, 1957). Analysis of variance was done with the help of computer package program according to Gomez and Gomez (1984) and the mean differences among different treatments were adjudged by LSD test.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 23–28, 2013, ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the treatments significantly influenced the yield, yield attributing parameters and protein content except oil content of BINA soybean-2. The highest plant height, yield, branches plant^-1, filled pods plant^-1, grain plant^-1and 100-grain wt. were found in RDCF₁₀₀_%, which were statistically identical with RDCF₇₅_%+PM₁_{t ha}^-1 and RDCF₇₅_%+CD₃_{t ha}^-1 and the lowest values of all the parameters were obtained from control treatment. The maximum protein content was observed in RDCF₁₀₀_%, which was identical to RDCF₇₅_%+PM₁_{t ha}^-1 and RDCF₇₅_%+CD₃_{t ha}^-1 and the lowest value was found in control. The overall finding of this study indicated that organic manure in combination with the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers can be applied to achieve better yield and quality of soybean as well as to improve soil fertility status.

Knowledge Management: Journal