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Effect of Organic Manure and Crop Residues Management on Soil Properties and Crop Performance Under Wheat-mung Bean - T. Aman Cropping Pattern

A. J. M. Sirajul Karim
Professor
Department of Soil Science, BSMRAU, Gazipur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur during 2008-2010 on an upland soil. In the first cropping cycle, the yield of wheat was increased up to 13.09% due to combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers compared to control. Total, N and P uptake by wheat were increased significantly but the uptake of K was not influenced remarkably by integrated use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers. The organic carbon status increased significantly only at surface soil but total N both at surface and subsurface soil were not influenced considerably by integrated use of organic manures & inorganic fertilizers after harvest of first wheat crop. After harvest of wheat, mung bean was grown in the same experimental plots to find out the residual effect of organics and crop residues management on soil properties and performance of mungbean. Wheat straw incorporation significantly reduced the yield of mungbean but it was enhanced expressively by the residual effect of organic manures. Both of the factors also interacted significantly to influence the yield of mungbean. Among the treatment combinations, C₀T₄ gave the highest yield (1.24 t/ha) and CT₁ provided the lowest yield (0.90 t/ha) of mungbean. Wheat straw incorporation significantly increased the organic carbon status at surface and subsurface soil but total N level was influenced considerably only at surface soil. Residual organics also increased the organic carbon status at surface soil by 9.3 to 21.3% and at subsurface soil by 13.6 to 22.7% but total N level was influenced considerably only at surface soil by 5.1 to 16.1%. In first cropping cycle, residue incorporation of preceding crops significantly increased the yield of T. aman rice. Due to combine application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers yield of rice was increased from 8.3 to 12.6% compared to inorganic fertilizers alone. Both of the factors also interacted meaningfully to influence the yield of rice. The highest yield (5.89 t/ha) was obtained in C₁T₆ and the lowest yield of rice (5.06 t/ha) was found in treatment CT_i. Total N uptake by rice was increased considerably due to incorporation of residue of preceding crops and combine use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers, P uptake was increased significantly by integrated use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers but the uptake of K was not influenced remarkably by both of the factors. Residue incorporation of preceding crops significantly increased the organic carbon status and total N level at surface and subsurface soil but it could not influence the available P and exchangeable K level considerably at both surface and subsurface soil. Due to combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers organic carbon status increased by 13.4 to 25.6% at surface soil and 2.0 to 34.7% at subsurface soil, total soil N level increased by 21.7 to 37.3% at surface soil and 18.8 to 34.8% at subsurface soil, available P increased by 13.9 to 98.9% at surface soil and by 2.2 to 34.0% at subsurface soil compared to recommended fertility but exchangeable K level was not influenced remarkably at both surface and subsurface soil.

Keywords: Soils, Soils and crops, Maize-rice cropping pattern, Organic manures, Soil Properties and Crop Performance, Wheat-Mung bean - T. aman Cropping Pattern

Location: Department of Soil Science, BSMRAU, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2008

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

To find the impact of cow dung, poultry manure and crop residues management on soil properties and crop performances under wheat-mung bean - T. aman cropping pattern.

Methodology:

Treatment : Factor A: Crop residue management; Co : Crop residue not incorporated, C₁ : Crop residue incorporated; Factor B : Fertilizer management; T₁ : Recommended dose of N, P, K, S, Mg, Zn and B, T₂ : Cow dung at 10 t/ha + (R-M) T₃ : Cow dung at 5 t/ha + (R-M), T₄ : Poultry manure at 5 t/ha + (R-M), T₅ : Poultry manure at 2.5 t/ha + (R-M), T₆ : Cow dung at 5 t/ha + Poultry manure at 2.5 t/ha + (R-M) R-M : Recommended dose of chemical fertilizer minus content organic manure at 40 % Mineralization. Experimental design : Two factor RCBD with three replications

Source of Information: Summary Report of Research Review Workshop (2009-10)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Some of the soil physical properties were influenced due to crop residue incorporation and combine use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers after two cropping cycle. Bulk density of soil only at 0-5 cm depth was reduced significantly due to crop residue incorporation. Due to combine application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers bulk density of soil reduced by 6.4 to 8.7% at 0-5 cm depth and by 4.3 to 6.9% at 10- 15cm depth compared to recommended fertility. Hydraulic conductivity of soil both at 0- 5 cm and 10-15 cm depth was found faster due to crop residue incorporation than not incorporated control. Both at 0-5 cm and 10-15 cm depth all the treatments containing organic manures showed faster hydraulic conductivity than recommended fertility. The overall infiltration rate of the soil under study was very low. Crop residue incorporation and combine use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers increased initial infiltration compared to crop residue not incorporated plot and recommended fertility, respectively. But both of the factors could not influence the actual infiltration characteristics of soil after two cropping cycle.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings