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Inheritance Mechanism of Yield and Yield Components in Tomato

M. A. Goffar
Senior Scientific Officer
Olericulture Division, Horticultural Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701.

A. Ahmed
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701.

G. M. A. Halim
Chief Scientific Officer
Olericulture Division, Horticultural Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A set of 9x9 half diallel cross comprising of promising genotypes was studied to analyze the inheritance pattern of yield components in tomato. Hayman’s analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated importance of both additive and nonadditive genetic components for all the thirteen yield contributing characters. The ANOVA showed unidirectional dominance, asymmetrical gene distribution and residual dominance effects for all the characters studied. Five out of the thirteen characters viz., number of flowers/cluster, individual fruit weight, fruit breadth, number of locules and number of seeds/fruit followed the simple additive-dominance genetic model. The rest of the characters showed non-allelic gene interaction or epistasis. P₆ had most of the dominant genes for both number of flowers/cluster and number of locules, while P₃ contained most dominant genes for individual fruit weight and P₅ possessed that for both fruit breadth and number of seeds/fruit. The estimates of components of variance demonstrated involvement of both additive and dominant components in the inheritance of all those five characters. The distribution of dominant and recessive genes was equal in the parents for only fruit breadth. There was drastic influence of environment on these characters following simple additive-dominance genetic model except fruit breadth.

Keywords: Tomato; Inheritence; Additive and non-additive genetic components; Epistasis

Location: Olericulture Division of HRC, BARI

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To define the inheritance pattern of some yield contributing characters of tomato which would be helpful for further breeding program.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the experimental field of Olericulture Division of HRC, BARI during winter season of 2013 - 14. Nine genotypes of tomato viz., P₁ (TLB - 182 ), P₂ ( BARI Tomato 15 ), P₃ ( BARI Tomato 2 ), P₄ ( GWT - 038 ), P₅ ( BARI Tomato 14 ), P₆ ( GWT 034 ), P₇ ( GWT 070 ), P₈ ( TLB - 182PE ) and P₉ ( SL(CNG) 010 ) with different characters were crossed in diallel fashion excluding reciprocals. The seeds of these tomato lines were sown in the seedbed on October 16, 2013. Thirty days ol d seedlings were transplanted in the main plot on November 15, 2013. The crop was fertilized with cow dung 10 t, urea 550 kg, TSP 450 kg and MOP 250 kg per ha, respectively. Half cow dung, entire TSP and half of MOP were applied during land preparation. The remaining half of the cow dung was applied during pit preparation. The rest of MOP and entire urea were applied at three equal installments at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting. Gap filling, plant protection, irrigation and other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary.

Data on thirteen yield and yield attributing parameters (given below) were recorded from 20 inner plants of each plot escaping border plants following AVRDC guideline: Data on days to 50% flowering (DF), number of flowers/cluster (F/C), number of flower clusters /plant (C/P), days to first harvest (DFH), number of fruits/plant (F/P), individual fruit weight (IFW), harvest duration (HD), plant height (PH), fruit length (FL), fruit breath (FB), number of locules (NL), number of seeds/fruit (S/F) and fruit yield/plant ( F Y/P). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The size of unit plot was 4.8 m × 1m, and the plant spacing was 60 cm x 40 cm. Each unit plot contained 2 rows of plants (24 plants/ plot). The recorded quantitative data were analyzed statistically for analysis of variance and Vr - Wr graph following Hayman (1954a) and Hayman (1954b). Components of genetic parameters were calculated following numerical approach of Jinks and Hayman (1953) based on Mather’s notation (Mather and Jinks, 1982).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(2): 335-344, June 2016, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v41i2.28235

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on these information it may be concluded that the importance of both additive and non - additive genetic parameters suggests the use of integrated breeding strategies for tomato improvement. The use of hybrid breeding accompanied with recurrent selection may provide ample opportunities for novel recombination and accumulation of genes of interest.

Knowledge Management: Journal