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Water Management in Alternative Tillage and Crop Establishment Methods for Crop Diversification in Rice-wheat Cropping System-2002

M Nurul Islam
CSO and Head
IWMD, BBRI,Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was undertaken in Rabi season 2001-2002 at Rice-Wheat project site, Chuadanga to find out the efficiency and compare it with different tillage system. Evapotranspiration for crop was calculated on 10-days interval and the effective rainfall was also calculated for the same duration. The evaporation demand for each crop was higher than the rainfall of that period. So, the total rainfall of the crop growing season was considered as effective rainfall. In Rabi season, S&P was taken as zero. In both WUE and IE, raised bed irrigation system performed better in compared to conventional flat bed irrigation system. Though the applied water was high in all the crops in flat bed irrigation system, but the yield of all crops were high in raised bed irrigation system. Consequently, the water productivity was higher for all crops in raised bed irrigation system and on average about 18% water saved for all crops in raised bed irrigation system over the flat bed irrigation system. Chuadanga is the driest zone of the country. Therefore water demand for crops is high. It was observed that water productivity is higher in raised bed than the flat bed tillage system. So to reduce water loss and to increase water productivity raised bed cropping practice may be an appropriate technology in that region.

Keywords: Water management, Alternative tillage, Crop establishment methods, Crop diversification, Rice-Wheat cropping system

Location: Rice-Wheat project site, Chuadanga

Start Date: 01-07-2001

End Date: 30-06-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To quantify amount of water for different tillage methods and crops; and
To compare the water use efficiency of the systems.

Methodology:

The following cropping patterns were selected: a) Wheat – Mungbean – Rice, b) Wheat – Sweet gourd – Rice, c) Potato – Mungbean – Rice, d) Potato – Sweet gourd – Rice and e) Maize – Rice(Aus) – Mungbean. In Rabi season wheat, potato and maize were grown in the selected six farmers plots. Two crop establishment methods were used i.e. Flat bed and Raised bed. In this respect all the selected farmers plot were sub-divided into two sub-plots. One for flat bed (conventional bed practice) and the other for raised bed method. Flat bed was prepared by normal ploughing and the raised bed was prepared by the bed planter machine. In the raised bed system furrow spacing was 67 cm and furrow depth was 15 cm. Irrigation water was applied in conventional bed up to field capacity and furrow irrigation water up to raised bed level. In both the cases applied irrigation water was measured by volumetric method. Rainfall data were collected by installing rain gauge. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET_o) was calculated by using CROPWAT 7.0 program on the basis of weather data. A five square meter sample area was harvested by taking one square meter from different locations of each plot and grain weight was adjusted at 14% moistures level. Number of irrigation and the amount of water were recorded. Three irrigations were applied for wheat and potato and five irrigations were applied for maize. Crop coefficient (K_c) value for different crops was computed from crop coefficient curve on the basis of 10-days average developed by FAO, which shows the reference crop evapotranspiration at Chudanga and the total evapotranspiration of wheat, potato and maize were 315 mm, 205 mm and 486 mm, respectively.

Source of Information: BRRI Annual Internal Review 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In both WUE and IE, raised bed irrigation system performed better in compared to conventional flat bed irrigation system. Though the applied water was high in all the crops in flat bed irrigation system, but the yield of all crops were high in raised bed irrigation system. Consequently, the water productivity was higher for all crops in raised bed irrigation system and on average about 18% water saved for all crops in raised bed irrigation system over the flat bed irrigation system

Chuadanga is the driest zone of the country. Therefore water demand for crops is high. It was observed that water productivity is higher in raised bed than the flat bed tillage system. So to reduce water loss and to increase water productivity raised bed cropping practice may be an appropriate technology in that region.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings