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Effect of Weak Acid and Weak Alkali on Jute Fibre and Fabrics in Physical Properties

Shamina Jafrin
Senior Scientific Officer (CC)
Pilot Plant and Processing Division.

Sweety Shahinur
Senior Scientific Officer (CC)
Textile Physics Division, BJRI, Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Due to lignin the glassy and brightness properties of jute are not so good. These properties depend on fiber quality as well as retting condition of jute plants. Weak Acid and weak alkali treatment can improve the brightness and whiteness properties. The research work was carried out at Chemical Processing Department of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during 2008-12. The project was undertaken to improve the brightness and whiteness property of the jute fiber. Jute fiber were treated with four different types of weak acids (formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid) and a weak alkali (ammonium hydro oxide) in different concentrations such as 1gm/l, 3gm/l, 5gm/l, 7gm/l and 10gm/l. Different physical parameters such as brightness, whiteness, bundle strength were measured at standard room temperature and humidity condition. Citric acid (Acid-4) treated jute fibers and fabrics showed better performance in this experiment compared to other weak acids, weak alkali and raw jute. Jute fiber and fabric treated with 10gm/l and 5 gm/l give the best brightness and whiteness property compared to raw jute fiber and fabrics respectively. Ultimately this technique will increase the diversified uses of Jute and cost effective process of jute fiber and fabrics..

Keywords: Jute fiber, Weak acid, Weak alkali, Bundle strength, Brightness

Location: Pilot Plant and Processing Division, Technology Wing,BJRI,

Start Date: 01-01-2008

End Date: 01-01-2012

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

1.To improve the brightness and whiteness properties of weak acid and weak alkali treated on the jute fiber and fabrics.

2.To increase the diversified uses of Jute.

3.To produce quality and cost effective process for jute fiber and fabrics

Methodology:

BWB jute fibers were collected from the spinning mill of BJRI.Jute fabrics were collected from the Pilot Plant and Processing Division of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI). Jute hessian was cut 2 meter length and 16 inch wide. In this way 31 samples were prepared.Jute fibers were treated with four different types of weak acid and a weak alkali in different concentrations such as 1gm/l, 3gm/l, 5gm/l, 7gm/l and 10gm/l. Here, formic acid (Acid-1) (HCOOH) is an organic compound; it is a colourless liquid form. Acetic acid (Acid-2) (CH₃COOH) is an organic compound, it is a colourless liquid form. Oxalic acid (Acid-3) (H₂C₂O₄) is an organic compound. It is a colorless crystalline solid. Citric acid (Acid-4) is a weak organic acid with the formula C₆H₈O₇ and as a chelating agent. Citric acid is a white crystalline powder and liquid ammonia is a weak alkali. The number of treated and raw sample was twenty six.At 1gm/l and 3gm/l weak acid and weak alkali concentration did not have any significant effect on jute fabrics. That is why 5gm/l and 10gm/l concentration of weak acid and weak alkali were used for fabric treatment. Two different concentrations (5 gm/l and 10gm/l ) were prepared and jute fabric treated at three different times (30 min, 60 min and 90 min) for every acid and alkali. Experiment was done in mini padding machine and treated samples were dried in the open air. Different types of physico-mechanical properties were measured standard room temperature and humidity conditions.

Source of Information: Annual Technical Report Journal of natural fiber 2014, vol-1 no-1

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

After acid treatment values of brightness and whiteness have increased by 15% and 42% but bundle strength has decreased by 3.69%. After alkali treatment the values of brightness and whiteness and bundle strength also is decreased 9.16% 12.03% and 2.65% at 10gm/l compared to the raw. According to brightness, whiteness and bundle strength loss Acid-4 gives the best results than all the weak acids and alkali. In case of fabric the brightness and whiteness properties is increased at higher chemical concentrations. All weak acids are works only as chelating agent in this study.

Knowledge Management: Journal, Report/Proceedings