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Integrated Crop, Nutrient and Water Management in North-west Region of Bangladesh-comparative Study in Different Water Distribution System at Stw Irrigation-2004

Dr M A Sattar
CSO and Head
IWMD, BRRI

Dr M Maniruzzaman
PSO
IWMD, BRRI

Dr F I M Golam Wahed Sarkar
PSO
Agril Economics Division, BRRI

Dr Jotish C Biswas
CSO and Head
Soil Science Division, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to compare the conveyance water saved; to reduce the irrigation time; and to increase the command area. In ICWM project sites, average conveyance loss with existing earthen canal varied from 40-43% of the pump discharge. This water loss was due to evaporation, high seepage and percolation, over topping the bunds, bund breaks, rat holes etc. However, the average conveyance loss with improved earthen canal was only 25-29% of the total discharge and that of 2% in the hose pipe distribution system. After the introduction of improved earthen canal and hose pipe, 32-40% and 95% water could be saved from conveyance loss, respectively compared to earthen canal. As a result, irrigation time could be saved by about 27-31% in improved earthen canal and that of 52-59% in hose pipe water distribution systems. Thus fuel, oil and labor costs could be reduced for production of irrigated crops. Besides, command area could be increased in improved earthen canal by 10-12% and that of 16-18% in hose pipe systems. However, close installation of STWs in the fields and social problems are not in favor of command area expansion up to the expected level.

Annual benefit with and without salvage value was Tk. 4,741 and Tk 5,456 in improved earthen canal and the same was Tk. 5,518 and Tk. 6,148 for hose pipe distribution system. In the present study, project costs included initial capital investment (cost of improved earthen canal including pucca outlet box and cost for hosepipe) and operation and maintenance cost each year.The NPW and BCR of the system are presented, which suggests that the investment on improved earthen canal was economically viable and profitable up to 25% discount rate. On the other hand, hose pipe water distribution system was economically viable and profitable over 45% discount rate.

Keywords: Conveyance water, Water distribution system, STW, Command area

Location: At GKF site, Kurigram and RDRS site, Pirganj, Thakurgaon

Start Date: 01-07-2003

End Date: 30-06-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tubewell

Objectives:

To compare the conveyance water saved;
To reduce the irrigation time; and
To increase the command area.

Methodology:

At study site 3 shallow tubewells (STW) were selected for this study. At least 30 m (100 ft) improved earthen canal were prepared at each STW site by clay soil coating and compaction. To fulfill the specific Objectives:, the following treatments were used: T₁ = Earthen canal, T₂ = Improved earthen canal and T₃ = Hosepipe (4” – 5” diameter). Actual discharges of the STWs were measured in 15 days interval of the whole irrigation seasons by volumetric method. Conveyance losses in the earthen canal, improved earthen canal and hosepipe were measured by inflow-outflow method. In this method for hosepipe volumetric measurement was used and for earthen canal and improved earthen canal, two standard V-Notches were used. Every measurement was replicated three times for average reading. Conveyance time and field level irrigation coverage was measured for each treatment.

Source of Information: BRRI Annual Review 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In ICWM project sites, average conveyance loss with existing earthen canal varied from 40-43% of the pump discharge. This water loss was due to evaporation, high seepage and percolation, over topping the bunds, bund breaks, rat holes etc. However, the average conveyance loss with improved earthen canal was only 25-29% of the total discharge and that of 2% in the hose pipe distribution system. After the introduction of improved earthen canal and hose pipe, 32-40% and 95% water could be saved from conveyance loss, respectively compared to earthen canal. As a result, irrigation time could be saved by about 27-31% in improved earthen canal and that of 52-59% in hose pipe water distribution systems. Thus fuel, oil and labor costs could be reduced for production of irrigated crops. Besides, command area could be increased in improved earthen canal by 10-12% and that of 16-18% in hose pipe systems. However, close installation of STWs in the fields and social problems are not in favor of command area expansion up to the expected level.

The NPW and BCR of the system are presented, which suggests that the investment on improved earthen canal was economically viable and profitable up to 25% discount rate. On the other hand, hose pipe water distribution system was economically viable and profitable over 45% discount rate.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings