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Screening of Wheat Genotypes Against Drought Stress (rainfed)

M A H S Jahan
PSO
RWRC, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Screening of wheat genotypes against drought stress experiment was conducted at Regional Wheat Research Center experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during November 2013 to March 2014. 14 (fourteen) wheat genotypes were evaluated against drought stress (without irrigation i.e. rainfed condition) compared to irrigated condition (i.e. control condition). Physiological, yield contributing parameters and yield were considerably reduction in drought condition. 3 (three) quantitative drought tolerance indices like yield stability index (YSI), stress susceptibility index (SSI) and stress tolerance index (STI) were used to evaluate drought responses of these genotypes. In drought condition, genotypes 9, 21, 23, 30, 31 and 40 were selected on the basis of stress tolerance index (STI>1.00 or close to 1.00) due to produced more grain yield in both drought and irrigated condition. Genotypes 9, 21, 23, 30, 31 and 40 were selected on the basis of yield stability index (YSI). Genotypes 9, 23, 31, 33, and 40 were selected on the basis of stress susceptibility index (SSI<1.00) which gave higher grain yield in control (irrigated) condition. On the basis of stress tolerance indices, it may be suggested that those genotypes which selected by STI might be cultivated in drought prone areas. On the other hand, genotypes which were selected through YSI and SSI could be used for conventional and molecular breeding as well as biotechnological aspect to incorporate drought tolerance mechanisms through introducing specific identified gene into germplasm which will be high yielding capability for developing both high yielding as well as drought tolerant cultivars.

Keywords: Wgeat genotypes, Drought, Irrigated

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To find out suitable wheat genotypes those will perform better with limited water during cultivation

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at regional wheat research center experimental field under Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during November, 2013 to March, 2014. The soil of the research area belongs to the Chhihata series under AEZ-28. The soil was clay loam with pH 6.1. The crop received no rainfall during the crop season. 14 (fourteen) wheat genotypes were evaluated under irrigated (i.e. control condition) and rainfed condition (drought was imposed by without irrigation) including genotype 2-BARI Gom 24 (Prodip) was used as a check genotype. The experiment was laid out in RCB with three replications. Each plot was consisted of 4 rows of each genotype with 2.5 meter long; row to row distance was 20 cm with continuous seeding. Seeds were sown on November 27, 2013 and crop was harvested on March 25, 2014. Three irrigation were applied at crown root initiation, maximum tillering and initial grain filling stages during the crop season in case of irrigated (control) plots. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of N₁₀₀ P₆₀ K₄₀, S₂₀ Zn₅ and B₁ kg/ha in the form of urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid, respectively. In case of irrigated plots, two third urea and whole amount of all fertilizers were applied as basal and one third urea was top dress at CRI stage. On the other hand, all fertilizers were applied as basal in case of rainfed plots. Intercultural operations like thinning and weeding were done as and when necessary.

Source of Information: WRC, Annual report, BARI, Gazipur, 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 50000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 50000

Achievement/Findings:

Genotypes Prodip (as cheeked), 9, 21, 23, 30, 31 and 40 were selected on the basis of stress tolerance index (STI closed to 1.00) because those genotypes produced higher grain yield in both drought and irrigated (control) condition. Genotypes 2(Prodip as cheeked), 9, 23, 31 and 40 were selected on the basis of yield stability index (YSI > 80 %) and genotypes 2 (Prodip as cheeked) 9, 23, 31, 33 and 40 on the basis of stress susceptibility index (SSI < 1.00). Moreover, those genotypes were produced better grain yield. Those genotypes which were selected by STI might be cultivated under drought prone areas. On the other hand, genotypes selected by YSI and SSI might be used in conventional breeding or molecular breeding as well as biotechnological aspect to incorporate drought tolerant mechanism through insert the identified specific gene into the germplasm with yielding capacity to develop both high yielding as well as drought tolerant varieties. This is third year result, for more confirmation, it required multi location trail.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings