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Development and Utilization of Coastal Water Resources for Crop Production and Its Impact on the Coastal Ecosystem of Bangladesh-impact Assessment of Hyv Rice Cultivation in the Coastal Region-2004

Dr MK Mondal
SSO
IWMD,BRRI, Gazipur

Dr SP Ritu
SSO
IWMD, BRRI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at Kismot fultola, Khulna to assess the economic, social and environmental impact of MV rice cultivation by utilizing coastal water resources. It was found that the farmers of the coastal region usually cultivate traditional rice varieties and harvest about 2.0-2.5 t/ha/yr. Some of them grow sesame and mungbean and usually harvest 0.5-1.0 t/ha. Therefore, total grain production stands at 2.5-3.5 t/ha/yr, rice equivalent yield of which was 3.0-4.5 t/ha/yr. By adopting modified cropping and water management approach, the participatory farmers were able to harvest 3.0-5.5 and 3.5 t/ha rice in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. With the modified approach the farmers of Kismat Fultola were able to harvest 6.5-9.0 t/ha/yr rice. The farmers mentioned that total production costs for local rice in T. Aman was Tk. 5000/ha and harnessed benefit was Tk. 15000-20000/ha. In contrast, the production costs of HYV rice in T. Aman season was about Tk. 10000/ha and benefit accrued was Tk. 25000-30000/ha. Therefore, additional profit for HYV rice cultivation over traditional rice varieties in T. Aman was Tk. 10000/ha. In Boro season, although rice yield was not satisfactory due to unusual natural calamities, the participatory farmers obtained benefit of Tk. 7500/ha. In total net yearly benefits from HYV rice was Tk. 32500-37500/ha as against Tk. 15000-20000/ha from local rice.

Keywords: Economic, Social and environmental impact, MV rice cultivation, Coastal water resources

Location: Kismot fultola, Khulna

Start Date: 01-07-2003

End Date: 30-06-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To assess the economic, social and environmental impact of MV rice cultivation by utilizing coastal water resources.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted to maximize rainwater utilization for increasing productivity in T Aman season and to create environments for early establishment of Boro rice to avoid crop failure due to higher soil and water salinity at the later growth stage of Boro rice. BRRI developed 15 HYV rice and one advanced line BR6110-10-1-2 were transplanted at Kismat Fultola village in the last week of July in a crop museum of 0.2 ha of land. The varieties were: BR10, BR11, BR22, BR23, BR25, BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan31, BRRI dhan32, BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan37, BRRI dhan38, BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan40, BRRI dhan41. Among these varieties BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan37 and BRRI dhan38 were aromatic HYV rice. Besides, 29 farmers cultivated 2-5 varieties on their fields inside the 3.5 ha experimental block. About 30 days old seedlings were transplanted with the spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm and BRRI recommended fertilizer was applied for rice cultivation i.e., at the rate of 180/150-100-70-60-10 kg urea, TSP, MP, gypsum and zinc sulfate per ha. All the fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation except urea, one-third of which was applied as basal and the rest two-third were applied in three equal splits at an interval of 15-20 days. Although rainfall was sufficient to meet up crop water requirements for rice, farmers drained out conserved rainfall during top-dressing of urea. Supplemental irrigation was provided to T Aman rice during neap tide through the flash gate and irrigation canal networks to facilitate growth and development of MV rice. For yield, 5 m² area was harvested four from four corners and one from the middle of the rice field and yield was finally adjusted to 14% moisture content.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review, 2004, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. World Bank

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Total land of the participatory farmers within the project was 5-10% of individual’s total landholding. All the participatory farmers and 110 neighboring farmers accepted dry season rice production technology in two unions of Batiaghata upazila. Among the neighboring farmers, local MP and UP Chairman was the most prominent leaders accepted this technology. Local leaders and farmers from different unions of Batiaghata upazila showed interest to grow rice in Boro season instead of Sesame, a vulnerable dry season crop. Soil salinity in the dry season decreased due to use of relatively non-saline river water for dry season rice cultivation. Conservation of relatively non-saline river water in natural canals posed positive impacts on health of the animal kingdom of the locality. Sedimentation owing to the use of river water for supplemental irrigation in T. Aman season improved soil health to some extent. Microclimate in the dry season has considerably improved due to vegetation/crop cultivation under irrigated environment.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings