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Heterosis in Relaton to Genetic Basis of Physiological Traits in Rice (oryza Sativa L.)

P. S. Biswas
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A. W. Julfiquar
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. Wazuddin
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

General and specific combining ability effects were estimated from 5 line x 8 tester crosses to explore the genetic behavior of physiological characters ( viz. LAI, PDW, CGR, RGR, NAR, TFI and HI) of CMS and restorers for the manifestation of high heterosis in grain yield of rice. Higher magnitudes of SCA variances than GCA effects for all the characters indicated the predominance of non-additive gene actions in the inheritance of these characters. High contribution of line x tester over the contributions of either line or tester for most of the traits also indicated predominance of non-additive component for these characters. Additive x additive, dominant x dominant and additive x dominant type of epistatic gene interactions were responsible for derivation of good specific cross for grain yield. Classification of heterotic crosses based on gca on the parental lines indicated that the maximum numbers of hybrids for different physiological traits were evolved form H x L combination and majority of the heterotic crosses showing high heterosis in both type included at least one of the parents with high gca effects in desired direction, which suggested that additive x dominant gene interactions were involved for the expression of heterosis.

Keywords: Rice, Grain yield, High yield potential

Location: Experimental Field of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To estimate heterosis and combining ability of male sterile and restorer lines with high yield potential.

Methodology:

Forty crosses were made using 5 cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile (CMS) lines and 8 restorer lines following Line x tester model in 2002. The F₁ hybrids along their parents were grown in the experimental field of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) in the Boro season, 2003. Thirty-day old single seedling was transplanted with a spacing of 20x15 cm in RCB design with three replications. The unit plot size was 1.8m x 5 rows. The crop management was done at par BRRI (2003) for hybrid rice. Physiological data were recorded from ten randomly selected plants from each plot. LAI was calculated using the formula- LAI = Total leaf area / Total ground surface. Tiller fertility index (TFI): TFI was calculated with the formula: TFI = Effective tillers or plant / Total number of tillers or plant. Harvest index (HI): HI was computed according tot he following formula: HI = Economic yield (grain yield) / Biological yield x 100.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol: 32(2), pp. 29-39, ISSN: 0253-5408

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results implied that diversity in parental gca with at least one of the parents with high gca effects in desired direction in physiological traits is important for realizing heterosis in rice hybrids. Therefore, hybrid rice breeders should pay more attention in selecting parental lines considering gca performance in physiological traits for developing heterotic rice hybrid.

Knowledge Management: Journal