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Water Quality Assessment of the Buriganga and the Brahmaputra Rivers of Bangladesh.

A. K. M. M Rahaman
Department of Environmental Science, BAU, Mymensingh.

M. A. Baten
Department of Environmental Science, BAU, Mymensingh.

M. A. Satter
Department of Environmental Science, BAU, Mymensingh.

M. E. Haque
Soil Science Division, BINA, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment investigation was conducted in the Buriganga and the Brahmaputra with a view to observe ad identify the present status of the water quality of those rivers. A concentration of the most of the determining elements of the water of Buriganga was found higher than the standard. Observing the water quality, it was clear that the Buriganga was highly polluted especially in winter. In most of the cases water quality parameters of the Brahmaputra River did not exceed the standard range. Only hardness of the river during winter, phosphate and chlorine during summer for the Brahmaputra River showed slightly river value than the standard. Dissolved oxygen of the water body of Buriganga was too low and it was harmful for aquatic lives in both seasons. The mean concentration of DO of the Buriganga river water fluctuated from 0.38 to .81 mg/L during winter season and .566 to 3.944 mg/L in summer season. On the other hand, the Brahmaputra river water had relatively higher concentration of DO which ranged from 5.35 to 5.85 mg/L in winter season and 4.82 to 5.09 mg/L during summer season. The river Buriganga showed BOD value (winter season: 10.28 to 11.21 mg/L, summer season: 6.97 to 7.08 mg/L) than Brahmaputra (winter season: .33 mg/L to .70 mg/L, summer season: .796 to 1.06 mg/L). The Brahmaputra River had the lowest (mean value 150 mg/L) and Buriganga River had the highest (410 mg/L) amount of TDS value in winter season. In the summer season, the Brahmaputra showed 63.50 mg/L and Buriganga 484 mg/L. Discharge of huge quantities of electrolytes from industries was responsible for higher EC values (winter season: .83-.90 m S/cm, summer season:1.05-1.33 m S/cm, whereas 1 m S/cm= 1000 µ mhos/cm=1000 µ S/cm) in the river Buriganga.

Keywords: Environment, Water pollution, River pollution Buriganga river, Brahmaputra river

Location: Buriganga and Brahmaputra rivers.

Start Date: 01-12-2004

End Date: 30-06-2005

Program Area:

Commodity:

Objectives:

To appraise the present water quality of the rivers as well as to forward recommendation.

Methodology:

Eighty water samples were collected (with 5 replications) from the different locations during winter (December/2004) and summer season (June/2005). For the river Buriganga samples were taken 4 locations namely Shadarghat, Buriganga Bridge, Swarighat, Basilaghat to cover the maximum pollution hazards due to industrial activities, municipal sewage sludge and urban runoff including agricultural activities. For the river Brahmaputra, sample were performed from in between Dakbanglaghat of Mymensingh city to Ghat of Bangladesh Agricultural University where river flows beside the city and run through the plain land covering agricultural fields and area connected with sewage and sewerage line of the urban area. All samplings were performed through water sampler using country boat. Then all water samples were kept in clean plastic containers. Only for BOD, water samples were collected in BOD bottles of 300 ml capacity. The water quality parameters P^H, DO, total dissolved solid, electrical conductivity were determined in the spot by respectively. The results of the experiments were statistically analyzed by ANOVA technique.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural, Vol. 32 (1), 2007,(page no:41-51),ISSN 0253-5408, BARC

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. United States Agency for International Development

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Of the two investigated rivers, Buriganga was highly polluted than Brahmaputra. All physicochemical water quality of the Burihanga exceeded the normal standard range. Only BOD value of the river during summer season remained within the standard range. Dissolved oxygen of that river during winter and summer seasons was too low than the standard. So present status of the water quality of Buriganga is not good for lives as well as environment. On the contrary, the water quality parameters of the Brahmaputra river did not exceed the standard range. Except hand ness during winter, Phosphate and chlorine during summer. Considering the overall situation of the investigated rivers especially Buriganga for minimizing pollution and safe aquatic environment, administrative and regulatory measures is urgently needed.

Knowledge Management: Journal