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Estimates of Heterosis in Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.)

Z. Sadeque
Department of Genetics and P!ant Breeding Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture Salna, Gazipur

A. Bhowmik
Department of Genetics and P!ant Breeding Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture Salna, Gazipur

M.S. Ali
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture Salna, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A diollel cross involving eight varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) showed varying degrees of bcterosis over better and mid-parent for all the characters studied. Nine crosses showed significant negative heterosis for days to heading over mid-parent. Most of the crosses showed negative heterosis for plant height over their. respective taller parent. maximum heterosis for number of spikes per plant was 141.70% and for spike length was 24.22% over better parent. For grain yield per plant Dirk x Kheri showed maximum heterosis over better and mid-parent (182.91% and 215.36% , respectively).

Keywords: Triticum aestivwn L., Heterosis, Diallel cross

Location: Department of Genetics and P!ant Breeding Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 15-11-1985

End Date: 30-03-1986

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To estimate the extent and nature of heterosis and to identify the outstanding hybrid combinations in a diallel set of crosses.

Methodology:

Eight parents of wheat namely, Ananda, Balaka, Ciano 79, Dirk, Kanehan, Kheri, Sonalika and Sonora 64 were crossed in all possible combinations including reciprocals in 1984-85. Fifty six hybrid combinations along with the parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental farm of the Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture, Salna, Gazipur in 1985-86 winter season. In each block, the parents and F1s were planted in rows. The row to row and plant to plant distance was 30 cm and 20 cm respectively. Standard cultural practices were followed for raising the crop. Data on days to heading, plant height (cm), number of spikes/per plant, spike length (cm), 1000-kernel weight (g) and yield/ plant (g) were recorded from ten randomly selected plants from each entry in each replication. Heterosis was estimated over the better and mid-parent and expressed in percentage.

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. 1(2): 75-79, 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present investigation revealed that varying degrees of heterosis was present for most of the characters studied over better and mid-parent. Heterosis in yield/plant was observed in most of the crosses. The crosses Ananda x Kheri, Balaka x Dirk, Ciano 79 x Ananda, Ciano 79 x Kheri, Dirk x Ananda, Dirk x Kanchan, Dirk x K.heri, Kanchan x Dirk, Sanalika x Ananda, Sonalika x Sonora 64, Sonora 64 x Ciano 79 and Sonora 64 x Kberi can be selected for high heterotic value for grain yield per plant.

Knowledge Management: Journal