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Response of Rice to Potassium Fertilizer and Its Apparent Balance in Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain and Terrace Soil

M. S. Uddin
Department of Agriculture, Govt. Viku Memorial College, Saturia, Manikganj, Bangladesh

M. J. A. Mian
Dept. of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. R. Islam
Dept. of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Saleque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study on the effect on K on Boro and T. aman rice was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and BADC Farm, Madhupur, Tangail during 2007 to 2009. The objectives were to see the response of rice to K application and to determine the optimum K dose and K balance for better understanding of K management in wet land rice. Six levels of potassium viz. 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg K ha-1 were tested. The trials were laid out in randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. Nitrogen, P and S were applied as blanked dose. Rice yield increased with K application in both the seasons at both the locations. The response of rice to applied K followed quadratic tread. The economic optimum rate of potassium for the two locations varied from 90 to 125 kg K ha1 for T. aman rice and 96 to 141 kg K ha-1 for Boro rice. The K uptake was higher in Boro rice than in T. aman rice. The apparent K recovery gradually decreased with increasing the rate of K application. The highest K (61 to 95%) was recovered from the treatment of 30 kg K ha-1. The negative K balance was found up to 150 kg K ha-1 with diminishing magnitude.

Keywords: Rice, Potassium, Fertilizer, Flood plant, Terrace soil, T. aman rice,

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh and BADC farm, Madhupur, Tangail.

Start Date: 01-07-2007

End Date: 30-06-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the response of rice to K application and K balance.

Methodology:

Four field trials were conducted at BAU farm; Mymensingh and BADC farm Madhupur, Tangail during 2007 to 2009. BAU farm soils of fall under Sonatola series and that of BADC farm under Noadda series. The texture of the soils was silt loam to clay loam. The pH was 4.83 to 6.53 having organic matter content of 1.89 to 2.65% and exchangeable K of 0.087 to 0.097 cmol kg-1 soil. CEC, Available P, S, total N and CEC were higher in BADC farm soil. The exchangeable Ca and Mg were higher in BAU farm soils than BADC farm soils. Mica was higher in BADC farm soil (33- 35%) while vermiculite was higher in BAU farm soil (14-18%). The trials were laid in randomized block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. There were six level of K viz. 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg K ha-1 Nitrogen, P and S were applied as blanket dose on soil test. The doses for T. aman rice were 67N: 14P: 5S kg ha-1 for BAU farm soil and only 60 kg Nha-1 farm soil. The doses for boro rice were 189N: 36P: 10S kg ha-1 for BADC farm soil. The status of P and S in BADC farm soil was high hence not applied in either of the crops. The test rice varieties were BRRI dhan41 in T. aman asd BRRI dhan29 in Bore seasons. The unit plot size was 5m x 4m. Two healthy seedlings/hill were transplanted at a spacing of 20 cm x 20cm. Full doses of P and S was applied at the time of final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in 3 equal splits; at 12 days after transplantation, at active tillering stage and rest at panicle initiation stage. The T. aman rice was transplanted in the 3^rd week of July and Boro rice in the 2^nd week of February. Plant protection measures and cultural practices were followed throughout the growing period. The crops were harvested at maturity of rice from a 5 m x 1 m area in each plot. The grain yield was recorded at 14% moisture content on an oven dry basis and it was expressed in t ha-1. Mean separation was done by Duncan’s multiple range tests. Regression analysis was done between K rate and yield of rice.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol: 37(1), pp: 51-64, ISSN: 0253-5408,

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The K fertility of our soil is decreasing very rapidly at alarming rate due to intensive cultivation of high yielding variety of rice with low K fertilizer dose. The BARC (2005) recommended up to 132 kg K ha^-1 for high yield goal of rice. Our balance indicates that higher dose of K up to 150 kg K ha^-1 improve k fertility of soil. However, considering the response of rice 60-90kg K ha^-1 may be recommended.

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