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Agro-economic Study of Weed Control in Direct Seeded Aus Rice in the Farmers' Field

G.J.U. Ahmed
Principal Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BRRI,Gazipur

A .J.Mridha
Senior Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BRRI,Gazipur

S.T. Hossain
Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BRRI,Gazipur

A.A. Mamun
Professor
Department of Agronomy , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

S.M.A. Hossain
Professor
Department of Agronomy , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to determine the influence of Agro ecological Zone (AEZ), variety and weeding on weed growth, yield loss and benefit cost- ratio (BCR) in direct seeded Aus rice. The experiment was conducted in two consecutive years 1994 and 1995. Weed population and weight did not differ in two AEZ i.e. Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain (OBFP) and Old Meghna Estuarine Flood Plain (OMEFP). Weed growth also did not differ between rice varieties in agro-ecological zones. Medium statured modern variety, having high tillering has similar performance to local variety against weeds . Farmers' weeding practice was inferior to weed free condition and gave 22 to 26 percent lower yield. Farmers' weeding in Aus rice gave lower BCR than weed free condition in OBFP and OMEFP zone. Modern variety gave higher BCR than local variety though it involves higher weeding cost. Cultivation of modern variety was found more profitable than local variety.

Keywords: Economic , Weed control, Rice

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 25-03-1994

End Date: 25-08-1994

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

To study the yield loss due to weeds, weed infestation affected by aus variety and agro ecological zones and to determine the benefit-cost ratio of weeding of aus rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the farmers' field at Sutiakhali and Jawar in OBFP and OMEFP agro ecological zones in 1994 and 1995, respectively. The variety (BR 2) and (ii) Local variety (Chahulia), and the sub-sub plot included (i) Unweeded (UW), (Undisturbed weed growth throughout the crop life cycle) (ii) Farmers' weeding practice (FW), (One raking at 9 DAE plus 2 hand weeding at 20 & 35 DAE ) and (iii) Weed free (WF), (Weeding at every 10 days interval up to booting stage, 10 days after crop emergence) . Fertilizers were applied as N,P₂0₅.K₂0 and S @ 60, 40, 40 and 10 Kg/ ha respectively for modern variety and half of the dose for the local variety. Weed samples were collected with 0.5m X 0.5m quadrate from two spots in unweeded and farmers' weeded plots at 50 DAE. Weeds were counted species-wise and classified into grass, broad leaves and sedges. Roots of the weeds were removed and vegetative parts were dried at 80^oC temperature for 48 hours and recorded weight. For determining leaf area index (LAI) two samples were taken with 0.5m X 0.5m quadrate from each unweeded, weed free and farmers' weeded plots at the booting stage of the crop . Leaves from ten tillers selected at random were detached and leaf area was measured with an automatic leaf area meter. Light transmission ratio was measured with an automatic lux meter. Plant height and panicles/m² were taken at harvest. Grain yield at 14% moisture was taken from 4m₂ area from the centre of each plot. In OBFP zone modern and local varieties were harvested on 2 August and 10 June in 1994 and 8 August and 16 June in 1995, respectively but in OMEFP zone it was done in the following days. Economic analysis were done according to treatments . Total costs, gross return, net return, and benefit-cost ratio were determined . Economic analysis was done only in 1994 to reduce the volume of work of the experiment.

Source of Information: Ann . Bangladesh Agric . 10 (1): 43-52, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The weeding treatments significantly affected plant height, LAI, LTR, Panicles /m² , grain yield, weed population, and weed dry weight. Farmers' weeding practice gave significantly lower weed population and weight (gm/m²) than in unweeded treatment (Table 2) . Weed free plots gave higher plant height, LAI, LTR (%), panicles (no./m²) and grain yield than farmers' weeding and unweeded treatment. Farmers' weeding and unweeded treatment produced 36.35 percent and 70.0 percent lower yield than weed free treatment. The variety and weeding interaction significantly affected plant height , number of panicles/m² and grain yield in both 1994 and 1995. Weed free treatment in modern and local variety gave higher plant height, panicles/m² and grain yield than farmers' weeding and unweeded treatment both in 1994 and 1995. These results also indicated the farmers' weeding practice as a limiting factor for low yield in both modern and local aus rice. The modern variety gave higher yield than the local variety though the local variety had inherently higher weed competition abilities than the modern variety because of the higher tillering ability and higher LTR resulting in higher growth in modern variety. This study showed that modern variety though , requires higher number of weeding and higher weeding cost, it produces higher BCR than local variety. Weed infestation does not differ in OBFP and OMEFP agro-ecological zones and variety but considerable yield loss occurs in farmers' weeded aus rice in both the AEZs and varieties. Modern varieties grown either at weed free or farmers' weeding level, gives higher BCR than local variety in the two AEZs . Therefore, the farmer should be motivated to grow modern variety aus rice with better weed control for higher economic benefit.

Knowledge Management: Journal