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Effects of Nitrogen and Boron on the Yield and Hollow Stem Disorder of Broccoli

M. J. Hussain
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

A. J. M. S. Karim
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

A. R. M. Solaiman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during winter season 2003-2004 to determine the role of N and B on the yield and hollow stem disorder of broccoli and to determine the optimum dose of N and B for broccoli production as well as to control hollow stem disorder. The experiment was conducted with four levels of N as 0, 60,120, 180 kg ha^-1 and four levels of B as 0, 0, 5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg ha^-1 as treatment variables. Applied N and B had significant impact on the yield and hollow stem disorder of broccoli. The highest curd yield (15.141 t ha^-1) was found with the maximum rate of N (180 kg ha^-1) and the incidence of hollow stem disorder was increased by increasing rate of N application attaining the highest value of hollow stem index (1.39) with 180 kg N ha^-1. The curd yield of broccoli was increased with the boron application up to 1.0 kg ha^-1 and showed a remarkable impact on reduction of hollow stem disorder. A moderately high amount of B application (1.0 kg ha^-1) has led to the minimum incidence of hollow stem disorder attaining considerably lowest value of hollow stem index of 1.00 as against the maximum value of 1.16 under no application of B. The interaction effect of N and B on yield and quality of broccoli was significant and the highest curd yield (16.68 t ha^-1) was recorded under 180 kg N and 1.0 kg B ha^-1, which may be considered to be the optimum doses for achieving satisfactory yield and controlling hollow stem disorder of broccoli in Shallow-Red-Brown Terrace Soil of Madhupur Tract.

Keywords: Nitrogen, Boron, Yield, Hollow stem disorder, Broccoli.

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Muzibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 17-11-2003

End Date: 13-02-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Broccoli

Objectives:

To determine the role of N and B on yield and hollow stem disorder of broccoli and to determine the optimum doses of N and B for broccoli production as well as to control hollow stem disorder.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Muzibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, during November 17, 2003 to February 13, 2004. The soil of the experimental site was silty clay loam in texture having the bulk density 1.40 g cm^-3 which belongs to Salna series of Shallow Red-Brown Terrace Soil under Agro-Ecological Zone Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28). The Experiment was carried out in a split-plot design with three replications. Four levels of nitrogen 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha^-1 were assigned in the main plots and four levels of boron 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg B ha^-1 in sub-plots. The row to row and plant to plant distance was 60 and 45 cm, respectively. All other fertilizers were applied uniformly as a blanket dose for all treatment at the rate of 53P:83K:20S:2Zn: 0,8 Mo kg ha-¹. Twenty five day-old healthy seedlings of broccoli were transplanted in the experimental plot on 17 November, 2003. All the fertilizers except urea and MoP were applied as basal and were incorporated into the soil during final land preparation. Urea and MoP were applied in two equal splits at 15 and 30 DAT followed by ring method around the plant bases. At an early stage, sprinkler irrigation was applied and at later stages irrigation water was applied in the furrows at an interval of 7 days. Necessary intercultural operations and weeding were done properly. Crop harvesting was started on 17^th January and continued up to 28^th January. Accordingly, the incidence of hollow stem was observed at the stem base of heads, 15-18 cm in length. Each longitudinal head section was scored according to the scale: 0 = hollow stem absent, 1 = slight hollow stem, 2 = moderate hollow stem and 3 = severe hollow stem. The highest index indicates the most severe case of hollow stem disorder and the lowest indicates the least hollow stem disorder. Data were analyzed statistically by using a computer program "MSTATC". The values of hollow stem index were converted to a degree by squire root transformation prior to analysis to bring homogeneity and additivity. The treatment comparison was made followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol: 37(1), pp: 91-99, 2012, ISSN: 0253-5408

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the results of the study it could be concluded that hollow stem disorder in broccoli is favored by higher rate of N application, while B application up to 1.0 kg ha^-1 would reduce the incidence of hollow stem without hampering the crop yield. Considering the yield and quality of broccoli, a combined application of 180 kg N with 1.0 kg B ha^-1 has been found suitable for achieving higher yield of quality broccoli. Therefore, the combined dose of 180 kg N and 1.0 kg B/ha could be considered for achieving the maximum yield of broccoli in Shallow-Red-Brown Terrace Soil of Madhupur Tract.

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