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Association and Genetic Diversity Studies in Groundnut (arachis Hypogaea L.)

M. A. Zilani Chowdhury
Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Researchlnstitute,Gazipur,

M. F. U. Mia
Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Researchlnstitute,Gazipur,

K. S. Uddin
Statiatics and Biometry,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic association ad diversity studies among twenty five diverged genotypes of groundnut were carried out for six characters. The correlation study revealed that the pods per plant, 100-pod weight and 100 kernel weight positively and significantly correlated with pod yield per plant. Pods per showed a high positive direct affect on pod yield followed by 100 pod eight, indicated that selection for these characters would give gains in pod yield. By using of Mahalanobi's (D²) analysis, the twenty five genotypes fell in four clusters of different sizes . The genotypes chosen from the same eco geographic region were found scattered in different clusters which indicate that genetic diversity and geographic distribution were not necessarily related. Maximum inter cluster divergence was observed between cluster I and Ill indicating that highly divergent types existed in these clusters.

Keywords: Groundnut , Genetic diversity, Inter-cluster divergence

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1995

End Date: 00-00-1996

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

To evaluate the available genetic resources , With these aspects the study was carried out.

Methodology:

A total of twenty five groundnut genotypes of diverse origin from the germplasm was chosen and studied during rabi 1995-96 at Oilseed Research Centre , Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur in randomized Block Design replicated thrice. Each plot consisted of four rows of 2 m length spaced 40 cm apart and 15 cm between plants, from each type , five plants were randomly selected and observations were recorded on pods per plant, 100- pod weight (g), 100-kernel weight (g), shelling per cent and yield per plant (g). Days to maturity was recorded on plot basis. The crop was irrigated whenever there was moisture stress and protected from diseases and pests to obtain comparable growth conditions in the season. Correlation coefficient and path analysis were calculated. D² analysis was used for estimating the genetic divergence among the genotypes .

Source of Information: Ann.Bangladesh Agric. 10 (2): 1 33-138, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The correlation analysis revealed that pod yield was significantly and positively correlated with pods per plant, 100- pod weight and 100-kernel weight. This indicates that selection based on these characters may result in improving the pod yield. Path analysis revealed that pods per plant recorded the highest positive direct effect on pod yield followed by 100-pod weight. The direct effect of 100-kernel weight was not significant, though it showed positive significant association with pod yield. By application of D²analysis, the twenty five genotypes were grouped into four different clusters. Among the clusters, clusters I contained nine genotypes followed by cluster Ill, II and IV which had eight, five and three genotypes respectively. The cluster II consisted of genotypes from the same geographical region, showing similar architecture among the types of the cluster. Among the clusters the inter cluster distance between I and Ill was maximum followed by cluster I and IV and, I and Ill. The genotypes in these clusters may serve as potential parents and crossing between the genotypes may result in heterotic expression for yield components.Cluster I and II recorded lower mean values for days to maturity. Cluster Ill had highest mean values for 100-pod weight, 100-kernel weight and pod yield per plant. Cluster IV recorded high mean values for pods per plant Crossing between the genotypes from these clusters might result in wide array of variability for exercising effective selection.

Knowledge Management: Journal