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Effect of Harvesting Stages on Some Physico-chemical Characteristics of Mango

M.I. Azad
Horticulture Specialist
Dept. of Agricultural Extension, Chapai Nawabganj-6300, Bangladesh.

M.G. Mortuza
SSO
Regional Horticulture Research Station, Chapai Nawabganj-6300, Bangladesh.

M. Al-Amin
PSO
Division of Biotechnology, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

S.M.K. Aiam
PTO
BARC, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

M.N. Islam
Coordinator
IC-SAAKTI, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of harvesting stages on different physico-chemical characteristics of mango during storage were studied at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Chapai Nawabganj during 1998-99 fruiting season. Fruits of Gopalbhog, Khirsapat, Langra and Fazli were harvested at 24, 18, 12, and 6 days before optimum maturity and at optimum maturity. Harvested fruits were stored at room temperature for ripening. Fruits harvested at optimum maturity developed more colour than the earlier harvested one. Early harvested fruits required more time for ripening. Maximum loss in weight was recorded in early harvested fruits. Total soluble solid (TSS) was low in early harvested fruits while it was high in fruits harvested at optimum maturity. General appearance and eating quality were better in fruits harvested at optimum maturity. Fruits harvested at earlier than optimum maturity exhibited longer shelf life but inferior in quality while harvested at optimum maturity showed shorter shelf life but superior in quality. Fruits of Gopalbhog, Khirsapat, Langra and Fazli were suggested to harvest at 6 days before optimum maturity i.e. 82, 86, 99 and 114 days, respectively after fruit set for extended shelf life with satisfactory qualities.

Keywords: Harvesting stages, Physico-chemical, Characteristics, Mango,

Location: Regional Horticulture Research Station, BARI, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1998

End Date: 00-00-1999

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Mango

Objectives:

To find out the optimum harvest stage of four commercial mango varieties namely Fazli, Langra, Khirsapat and Gopalbhog which can prolong their shelf life,
To reduce postharvest disorders and finally to retain satisfactory quality of the fruit.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Chapai Nawabganj during 1998-99 fruiting season. Among the most important mongo varieties commercially grown at Chapai Nawabganj, four varieties namely Fazli, Khirsapat, Langra and Gopalbhog were selected for this investigation. All the varieties have good qualities but do not develop attractive colour at ripening stage. Among the selected cultivars Gopalbhog is early, Khirsapat and Langra are mid season while Fazli is late. The fruits were harvested in 5 different maturity stages. The first harvest (S₁) was done 24 days before optimum maturity (DBOM), second harvest (S₂) at 18 -DBOM, third harvest (S₃) at 12 -DBOM, fourth harvest (S₄) at 6-DBOM and final harvest (S₅) at optimum maturity. The optimum stages of harvest were determined as Gopalbhog-88, Khirsapat-92, Langra-105 and Fazli-120 days after fruit set. Date of fruit set was noted down for accurate optimum maturity.Thirty fruits of uniform size and shape were harvested from each stages of harvest. Harvested fruits were kept in the laboratory at ambient condition (28-37°C) for ripening. Weight loss, colour development, days required for optimum ripening, organoleptic taste and finally shelf life of the fruits were studied. Wight of individual fruit was recorded at 3 days interval. The loss in weight was calculated on the basis of the initial weight and expressed in percentage. Specific gravity of individual fruit was measured by water displace methods. Total soluble solids (TSS) in mango pulp were determined by refractometer using the methods. Skin colour is the most obvious change that often considered as the major criterion used by the consumers to determine whether the fruit is ripe or unripe. It was recorded at an interval of 3 days. A fruit that exhibited softness was considered as ripen and days required for ripen was noted down. Rotting of fruits was monitored at 3 days interval up to last edible stage and was expressed as percent rotted area in each fruit. Fruits having more than 2% rotting were considered as unfit for marketing. Fruits were presented to a panel of 10 scientists and staff of the research station for organoleptic assessment when it reached at optimum edible stage. General appearance (skin colour and firmness) and eating quality were assessed using a 1-9 scale. The shelf life of fruits was expressed in days and was calculated as the fruit reached to last edible stage from the date of harvest. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for a completely randomised design and treatment means were compared by DMRT. The percentage data were transformed into square root before analysis.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol: 31(1&2), pp: 27-34, 2006, ISSN: 0253-5408

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Fruits of Gropalbhog, Khirsapat, Langra and Fazli harvested 6 days before optimum maturity showed longer shelf life than the fruits harvested at optimum maturity. Physicochemical characteristics of those fruits were close to the fruits harvested at optimum maturity. All the cultivars under investigation suggested to harvest 6 days before optimum maturity.

Knowledge Management: Journal