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Shattering, Yield and Yield Attributes of Mustard as Affected by Harvesting Time and Variety

S.M. Akhter
MS Student
Department of Agronomy, SAU, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

P.K. Biswas
Associate Professor
Department of Agronomy, SAU, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during November 2004 to February 2005 to find out the effect of harvesting time on shattering, yield and yield contributing characters of mustard. Four varieties of mustard viz. BARI sarisha-7, BARI sarisha-8, BARI sarisha-10 and BARI sarisha-11 with three different harvesting dates i.e. 90, 100 and 110 days after sowing were used. The varieties behaved differently at different harvesting dates. Delayed harvesting increased shattering percentage in all the varieties except BARI sarisha-11. Shattering loss was minimum at early harvesting due to immature siliqua plant that provided lower yield. Maximum seed yield was obtained from BARI sarisha-7 with harvesting the crop at 100 days. Weight of thousand seed was also found higher in BARI sarisha-7 with harvesting the crop at 90 days. Shattering percentage and number of seeds per siliqua was highest in BARI sarisha-8 with harvesting at 110 and 100 days. The shattering percentage of BARI sarisha-8 was gradually increased with delayed in harvesting. The highest number of siliquae was recorded from BARI sarisha-10 with harvesting at 100 days. So, to minimize shattering losses and to get higher yield, it is necessary to harvest rapeseed and mustard at optimum time i.e., 100 days after sowing for BARI sarisha-7 and BARI sarisha-8; 90 days after sowing for BARI sarisha-10, and 110 days after sowing for BARI sarisha-11.

Keywords: Shattering, Yield, Mustard, Harvesting, Variety.

Location: Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2004

End Date: 00-02-2005

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To study harvesting time on shattering behavior, yield and oil content of rapeseed and mustard variety,

Methodology:

The research work was carried out at the experimental field of Agronomy Field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during November 2004 to February 2005. The first ploughing and the final land preparation were done on October 27 and November 3, 2004, respectively. Urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP), gypsum, zinc oxide and boric acid were used as source of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, zinc and boron respectively. The rate of application of N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S, Zn and Boron was 115-82-51-27-7.8-0.05 kg/ha respectively. The experiment was comprised with four varieties (viz., BARI sarisha-7 (VO, BARI sarisha-8 (V₂), B,ARl sarisha-10 (V₃) and BARI sarisha-11 (V₄) and three harvesting time (viz., 90 days after sowing (H₁),100 days after sowing (H₂) and 110 days after sowing (H₃). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replications. The size of unit plot was 4 m x 3 m. The distance between two rows was 30 cm. The seeds of respective varieties were sown in rows made by hand rake on November 4, 2004. The seeds were placed continuously within the rows at a depth of 2 cm from the soil surface. Thinning operation was done on November 18, 2004 for maintaining optimum population. Two irrigation were given (20 and 40 DAS) during the life cycle. The field was weeded twice (15 and 25 DAS). At middle stage of growth, aphids attacked the crop which was controlled by Sumithion 50 EC@ 2 ml/liter of water and sprayed twice. Harvesting was done thrice as per treatment where the first harvesting was done on February 3, 2005 (on 90 days), the second on February 13, 2005 (on 100 days) and the last one on February 23, 2005 (on 110 days). The harvest area (6.0 m²) was maintained by leaving the border rows from which the grain weight, straw weight and 1000 seed weight were collected after proper drying. The harvest index was later calculated from the data.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol: 31(1&2), pp: 51-59, 2006, ISSN: 0253-5408,

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest seed yield was found from BARI sarisha-7 and BARI sarisha-8 when harvesting when harvesting the crop at 100 DAS, BARI sarisha-10 at 90 DAS and BARI sarisha-11 at 110 DAS. The BARI sarisha-7 and BARI sarisha-8 showed higher shattering percentage at delayed harvesting whereas, sarisha-11 showed no shattering losses at any harvesting date. Though BARI sarisha-10 is under juncea group it showed shattering losses at delayed harvesting.

Knowledge Management: Journal