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Gene Action for Yield Components in Eggplant (solanum Melongena L.)

A K M Quamruzzaman
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

S Ahmad
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

M Moniruzzaman
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Agricultural Regional Station, Raikhali, Rangarnati

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study of the attributes for yield components of 36 F 1's and their nine parents in 9 x 9 diallel (excluding reciprocals) of eggplant showed dominant gene actions in most of the traits, where fruit number per plant and yield per plant exhibited predominant gene action. Highest heritability (67 per cent) was observed for fruit diameter. The asymmetrical distribution of the positive and negative alleles at all loci was found for most of the characters. The Vr-Wr graphs exhibited incomplete dominance effect of genes for all the characters, except plant height and branch per plant which had controlled by dominant gene completely. The graphical analysis indicated wide genetic diversity among the parents.

Keywords: Brinjal, Eggplant, Gene action, Genetic diversity

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 20-09-2005

End Date: 10-05-2006

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

To gather information on the genetics of various eggplant genotypes, since information on this aspect is inadequate and inconclusive.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Olericulture Division of Horticultural Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during September 2005 and April 2006. Nine genetically diverse varieties/ inbreds of eggplant viz., BL081 , BL083 , BARI brinjal-7 , Kazla , BL113 , BL099 , Uttara , BL 114 and Islampuri were selected for the study. These were crossed in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals during September 2004 to April 2005 . The seeds of 36 F 1 crosses along with their nine parents were sown on the seedbed on 21th September 2005 . Thirty five days old seedlings were transplanted in the main field on 25 th October 2005 . The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with three replications. The unit plot size was 7.5 m x 0.70 m and 10 plants were accommodated in a plot with a plant spacing of 75 em apart in single row maintaining a row to row distance or 70 em. Data on days to 50% flowering, days to first harvest , plant height (em), branch per plant , fruit length (em), fruit diameter (em), individual fruit weigh t (g), number of fruits per plant and yield per plant (g) were recorded from five randomly selected plants per entry per replication .

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2008) 12(2). 93-96

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The components of variation along with the derived genetic ratios for different traits showed that the D and H components, which measure additive and dominance variation, respectively were significant for all the traits. This indicated the importance of both additive and dominance components for the inheritance of all the genotypes in eggplant. However, the magnitude of dominance was higher than the additive component for all the traits. The h² representing dominance deviation due to relative frequency of positive and negative genes was significant for all the characters.The proportion of positive and negative effects as indicated by F value was significant and positive for days to first harvest and plant height, suggesting greater frequency of dominant alleles governing this character. Negative F value for fruit number per plant and yield per plant .exhibited a preponderance of recessive alleles. The net dominance effect, obtained by the estimate h²expressed as the algebraic sum over all loci in heterozygous condition in all crosses, was significant for days to 50% flowering, plant height , fruit length, fruit number per plant and yield per plant. This revealed that substantial contribution of dominance effects was due to heterogeneity of loci in days to 50% flowering , plant height, fruit length, fruit number per plant and yield per plant. Genetic analysis for days to 50% flowering days to first harvest, plant height , branches per plant, fruit length , fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) were studied. ln Wr/Vr graph the slope of the regression line was significantly below from 1 .0, suggesting significant non-allelic interaction for all the characters. A simple additive genetic system with incomplete dominance or partial dominance was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to ti.rst harvest , fruit length, fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. An additive genetic system with complete dominance {or plant height, branches per plant was indicated in F₁ generation.

Knowledge Management: Journal