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Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Different Plant Parameters of Sunflower (helianthus Annuus L.)

Md. Kabir Uddin
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.L. Das
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Gamma rays had significant negative effect on different plant parameters of sunflower, such as germination of treated seeds, survival of plants at different stages of growth, seedling height, plant height at maturity and days to maturity in M₁ generation. It was also found that lower doses of radiation (100 and 200 Gy) caused insignificant effect on these parameters compared to higher doses (300, 400 and 500 Gy). LD₅₀ was observed to be between 400 and 500 Gy when germination of irradiated seeds were taken into consideration. Further, linear regression coefficients were negative for all the characters studied. The regression values were -0.12 for germination of seed 'and -0.12 and -0.13, -0.14 and -0.15 for survival of plants at 7, 14, 21 days after sowing (DAS) and at maturity, respectively. The height of seedling at 21 DAS and at maturity had regression values of -0.02 and -0.10, respectively. Regression value for days to maturity was estimated to be -0.02. The above results suggested that application of 400 and 500 Gy would be useful for increasing genetic variability in sunflower.

Keywords: Gamma Irradiation, Sunflower, Genetic variability.

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-12-1998

End Date: 31-12-1998

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Sunflower

Objectives:

To estimate the optimum dose of gamma rays for creating useful variability.
To maturity in M₁generation of sunflower.

Methodology:

Three thousand dry and uniform seeds of a sunflower variety "Kironi" with 90% germinability were taken in six packets, each with 500 seeds. Seeds of five packets were exposed to gamma rays (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy) from the ⁶⁰CO source of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. The remaining packet was used in the experiment as control for comparative studies. Immediately after treatment, 50 seeds/dose consisting of 10 seeds per petri dishes were sown in completely randomized design to assess the effect of gamma rays on germination of seeds. The remaining seeds were sown in the experimental farm of BINA, Mymensingh on 6 December, 1998. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Unit plot size was 3m x 3m. Data were collected for various plant parameters, such as number of seeds germinated with germination percentage, survival of plants at 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing and at maturity. Plant height was recorded from 10 randomly selected plants of each plot at 21 days after sowing and at maturity. Similarly, maturity period of plant population was also recorded from different doses and untreated controlled plots.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agricuture, 2001, Vol 26(1&2), pp: 65-69, ISSN 0253-5408,

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results it may be concluded that for creating variability in sunflower, it would be useful to expose the seeds with 400 and 500 Gy of gamma rays since LD₅₀ was found to lie between these two doses in the present study.

Knowledge Management: Journal